钟敬文民俗学思想的文明视野

The Civilizational Vision of Zhong Jingwen's Folkloristic Thought

钟敬文在20世纪最后20年提出的“民俗文化学”“建立中国民俗学派”等理论,都体现出他所拥有的文明视野,即涵括多主体文明关系和中华文明主体的视野。传统文化整体论贯穿于他的全部论述,对于传统文化研究和民俗学研究均具有批判性和方法论建构的意义。他提出“民俗文化学”,源自对“五四”时期白话文运动、歌谣学运动、通俗文艺研究、风俗调查等面向民间大众的文化再造潮流予以统一概括的设想,但是也离不开20世纪80年代“文化热”的激活。钟敬文提出的“建立中国民俗学派”,包含着对于“文明体”与“学派”关系的深刻认识。他的一系列学理思考,环环相扣且与人民大众的生活实践、情感脉动息息相通,因而具有可以被后辈学人不断发挥的巨大理论潜能。

In the last two decades of the 20th century,Zhong Jingwen proposed theories such as"Folk Cultural Studies"and"Establishing Chinese Folklore School",which all reflect his vision of civilization,indicating multi-subject civilizational relationships and the subject of Chinese civilization.Holistic theory of traditional culture permeates all his discourse,carrying critical and methodological implications for both traditional culture studies and folklore studies.His concept of"Folk Cultural Studies"originated from a comprehensive summary of cultural reconstruction trends targeted at the general public during the May Fourth movement,such as the vernacular language movement,ballad studies movement,popular arts research,and customs investigation.However,it is also inseparable from the cultural fever activated in the 1980s.Zhong Jingwen's call to"Establishing Chinese Folklore School"uniquely incorporates a profound understanding of the relationship between"civilizational entities"and"schools of thought".His series of scholarly contemplations,due to their close connection with the culture and emotions of the masses,contain rich theoretical potential that can be continuously developed by future scholars.