分合之间:日式酒吧跨文化交换中的商品与礼物

Between Division and Integration:Commodity and Gift of the Transcultural Exchange in Japanese-style Bars

以往研究强调商品与礼物所嵌入的社会关系的变化促成二者的转化,较少关注同一社会关系之中商品与礼物合二为一的现象。日式酒吧中的酒水交换体系展现出同一社会关系背景下商品与礼物的合一:中国女性经营者借助酒的出售过程构建人际关系;日本男性顾客通过存酒、喝酒、请酒等方式回馈前者,酒的买卖过程即为礼物交换。中日双方行动者对交换关系进行文化价值与道德意涵上的阐释与实践,使商品与礼物看似冲突的价值逻辑实现整合。

Previous studies have emphasized the transformation of goods and gifts as a result of changes in the social relations in which they are embedded,but inadequate attention have been paid to how goods and gifts are possible within the same social relations.The system of liquor exchange in Japanese-style bars demonstrates the integration of commodity and gift in the context of the same social relationship.Chinese female operators build interpersonal relationships through the process of selling liquor;Japanese male customers reciprocated the former by stocking,drinking,and buying liquor,thus the process of buying and selling becomes a process of gift exchange.Chinese and Japanese actors interpret and practice the cultural values and moral connotations of the exchange relationship,bringing about the integration of the seemingly conflicting value logics of commodities and gifts.