催化剂制备过程及使用寿命对喷气燃料生产工艺碳排放的影响

EFFECT OF CATALYST PREPARATION AND SERVICE LIFE ON CARBON EMISSION FROM JET FUEL PRODUCTION PROCESS

以不同类型喷气燃料为研究对象,搭建典型炼油厂或工艺包装置的石油基喷气燃料(以直馏煤油加氢制喷气燃料为代表)、F-T合成油加氢异构化制喷气燃料、油脂加氢制生物喷气燃料(简称HRJ喷气燃料)的生命周期评价模型,并开展能耗及碳排放清单分析,测算中国典型喷气燃料产品的生命周期碳排放强度。在此基础上研究喷气燃料生产过程中所涉及的催化剂制备过程、使用寿命对喷气燃料生产过程碳排放的影响。结果表明,在生产环节,石油基喷气燃料的能耗及碳排放强度均最低,HRJ喷气燃料则由于其生产过程特殊以及其液体馏分收率较低而能耗及碳排放强度最高。催化剂的制备过程及使用寿命是影响喷气燃料生产工艺碳排放强度较为关键的因素。催化剂制备过程碳排放强度由大到小的顺序为烷烃异构催化剂>补充加氢精制催化剂>加氢处理催化剂;以催化剂最长使用寿命预测,由催化剂带来的碳排放强度为0.06~6.29 kg/t(以生产单位质量喷气燃料产品计),占不同喷气燃料产品生产过程碳排放强度的比例为0.09%~1.05%。与使用寿命为3年的催化剂相比,使用寿命为4年的催化剂的碳排放强度约减少33.3%~50.2%。降低催化剂制备过程的碳排放强度和延长催化剂使用寿命可以降低喷气燃料生产过程的碳排放强度。

Taking different types of jet fuel products in China as the research object,the life cycle assessment model of petroleum-based jet fuel(represented by straight-run kerosene hydrogenation to jet fuel),F-T synthetic oil hydroisomerization to jet fuel and fat hydrogenation to bio jet fuel(referred to as HRJ jet fuel)in typical refineries or process packaging units in China were established,and an analysis of energy consumption and carbon emission inventory was carried out to calculate the life cycle carbon intensity of typical jet fuel products in China.On this basis,the influence of the preparation process and service life on the carbon emissions during jet fuel production was studied.The results showed that the petroleum-based jet fuel had the lowest energy consumption and carbon emission intensity,while HRJ jet fuel had the highest nergy consumption and carbon emission intensity due to its unique production process and low liquid fraction yield.The preparation process and service life of catalyst were the key factors affecting the carbon emission intensity of jet fuel production.The order of carbon emission intensity in the catalyst preparation process from high to low was alkane isomerization catalyst>supplementary hydrogenation refining catalyst>hydrogenation treatment catalyst.Based on the prediction of the longest service life of the catalyst,the carbon emission intensity caused by the catalyst was 0.06-6.29 kg/t(calculated based on the production unit mass of jet fuel products),which accounted for 0.09%-1.05%of the carbon emission intensity in the production process of different jet fuel products.Compared with catalysts with a lifespan of 3 years,the carbon emission intensity of the catalyst with a service life of 4 years was reduced by 33.3%-50.2%.The carbon emission intensity in the process of jet fuel production could be reduced by reducing the carbon emission intensity in the process of catalyst preparation and prolonging the catalyst service life.