基于GGE双标图分析山西大豆区试品种的稳定性及适应性

Cultivar Stability and Adaptability of Soybean in Shanxi Based on GGE Biplot

为研究山西大豆区域试验中参试品种的高产稳定性及适应性,2019-2020年在山西高平、介休、汾阳、文水、清徐、长治6个试点种植中部复播区的7个大豆品种,收获后测产。采用联合方差分析和GGE双标图模型对产量性状适应性、高产性、稳定性及试点鉴别力和代表性等进行分析。结果表明,参试大豆品种的产量性状在基因型、环境及基因型与环境互作效应均达到显著水平,基因型、基因型与环境互作效应、环境对大豆产量的影响逐渐增强。GGE双标图分析表明:高平、介休、文水和长治4个试点适应性最强的品种是品豆25;汾阳适应性最强的品种是汾豆98;清徐适应性最强的品种是同豆8181,因此要根据品种的特性选择适宜的种植环境,最大限度地发挥地域优势与品种生产潜力。同豆8181既高产又稳产,同时更有区域适应性优势,适宜在山西省中部复播区种植,是一个比较理想的品种。试点间相关性结果显示:高平、介休、文水、长治之间存在着密切正相关关系,说明在试点的选择存在着重复设置问题。试点鉴别力和代表性结果显示,介休试点对7个大豆品种最具鉴别力和代表性,是较为理想的环境。GGE双标图能够直观清晰地显示大豆多点多年品种试验结果和品种的代表性。研究结果为山西大豆新品种选育及推广提供了理论指导。

In order to study the high yield stability and adaptability of soybean varieties in Shanxi regional trials,from 2019 to 2020,seven soybean varieties were planted in six pilot areas of Gaoping,Jiexiu,Fenyang,Wenshui County,Qingxu and Changzhi in the central region of China.The Adaptability,high yield and stability of yield traits were analyzed by combined analysis of variance and GGE double plot model.The results showed that the yield traits of the tested soybean varieties reached significant levels in genotype,environment and interaction between genotype and environment,genotype,interaction between genotype and environment,and the effect of environment on soybean yield increased gradually.GGE double plot analysis showed that the most adaptable cultivar in Gaoping,Jiexiu,Wenshui and Changzhi was Pingdou 25,the most adaptable cultivar in Fenyang was Fendou 98,and the most adaptable cultivar in Qingxu was Tongdou 8181,therefore,the suitable planting environment should be chosen according to the characteristics of varieties,and the regional advantages and the potential production of varieties should be brought into full play.Tongdou 8181 is an ideal variety with high and stable yield and regional adaptability,which is suitable for replanting in the middle of Shanxi province.The results showed that there was a close positive correlation among Gaoping,Jiexiu,Wenshui County and Changzhi.It shows that there is a repeated setup problem in the selection of pilot.The results showed that the Jiexiu trial had the best discrimination and representativeness for the seven soybean varieties and was an ideal environment.The double plot of GGE can clearly and intuitively show the experimental results of multi-point and multi-year soybean varieties and the representativeness of varieties.This study provides theoretical guidance for the breeding and extension of new soybean varieties in Shanxi province.