温州地区健康老年人群六分钟步行距离及预测模型

Prediction model and six-minute walking distance assessment for the healthy elderly population in Wenzhou

目的分析温州地区健康老年人群六分钟步行距离(six-minute walking distance,6MWD)的影响因素,建立适合中国老年人的6MWD预测模型。方法随机选择参与温州心血管病高危筛查的60~80岁健康受试者,根据2002年美国胸科协会颁布的六分钟步行试验(six-minute walking test,6MWT)操作指南,每个受试者完成2次6MWT。记录受试者的一般特征、血压、心率和6MWD,建立6MWD预测模型。结果214名受试者完成测试,受试者平均6MWD为(508.8±70.94)m,不同性别、运动习惯老年人的6MWD差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。男性受试者的身高、体质量、BMI和6MWD高于女性,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。线性回归分析显示年龄、身高和BMI是6MWD的独立预测因素,建立的预测模型分别能预测26%、32%的6MWD的相关变量(男性组、女性组)。国外的健康人群6MWD预测模型无法准确评估中国人群。结论6MWT是一种简单、安全的运动试验,与老年人的性别、运动习惯、年龄、身高、BMI相关。本研究的预测模型可以预测26%(男)、32%(女)6MWD的相关变量,其他国家的6MWD预测模型不适合中国受试者。

Objective The influential factors of six-minute walking distance(6MWD)among healthy elderly individuals in the Wenzhou region were analyzed to establish a 6MWD prediction model suitable for the Chinese elderly population.Methods Healthy individuals aged between 60 to 80 years were randomly selected to participate in the Wenzhou high-risk screening program for cardiovascular disease.Following the guidelines set forth by the American thoracic society in 2002,each participant completed two rounds of six-minute walking tests(6MWT).The subjects’demographic information,blood pressure,heart rate,and 6MWD were recorded to establish a predictive model for 6MWD.Results The test was completed by 214 subjects,and the average distance of 6MWD was(508.8±70.94)m.There were statistically significant differences in 6MWD among elderly individuals with different genders and exercise habits(all P<0.05).Male subjects had significantly higher height,body mass,BMI,and 6MWD than female subjects,with all differences being statistically significant(all P<0.05).The linear regression analysis revealed that age,height,and BMI were independent predictors of 6MWD,with the established prediction model accounting for 26%and 32%of the variance in 6MWD among males and females,respectively.However,the existing 6MWD prediction model developed in foreign populations may not accurately predict outcomes in Chinese individuals.Conclusions The 6MWT is a straightforward and safe exercise assessment that exhibits significant correlations with gender,physical activity habits,age,height,and BMI among older adults.The prediction model developed in this study can account for 26%(male)and 32%(female)of the variance in relevant variables associated with the 6MWD performance.Existing models for predicting the distance covered during the 6MWD may not be applicable to Chinese populations.