老年人能力评估在辅助器具适配中的应用

Utilization of geriatric ability assessment for assistive technology adaptation

目的对老年人能力进行评估,了解失能程度、失能类别,并为其适配个性化的辅助器具,验证老年人能力评估在辅具适配中的可操作性。方法选取湖北省内不同地区的8家典型养老机构303人,利用量表分别对老年人失能程度及失能类别进行评估,并根据失能程度及类别为老年人适配个性化的辅助器具。结果调查的老年人中,轻度失能203人(67.00%),中度失能47人(15.51%),重度失能的有53人(17.49%);认知障碍的22人(7.26%),行动不便的181人(59.74%),长期卧床的38人(12.54%),既有行动不便、又有认知障碍的47人(15.51%),既有长期卧床、又有认知障碍的15人(4.95%)。对303名老人配置了六种类型总计441件辅助器具,辅具适配类型符合老年人评估结果。结论老年人能力评估体系和方法在辅具适配过程中可操作性强,可以通过该评估得到老年人的失能状况,进而进行个性化、精准化的辅具配置。

Objective By assessing the elderly’s abilities,including their degree and category of disability,personalized assistive devices can be adapted to meet their needs.Additionally,this assessment verifies the feasibility of adapting assistive devices based on the elderly’s abilities.Methods A total of 303 individuals from 8 representative pension institutions across different regions in Hubei Province were selected to assess the elderly’s degree and category of disability using a standardized scale,and personalized assistive devices were tailored based on their specific needs.Results Among the participants,203 individuals(67.00%)had mild disability,47 individuals(15.51%)had moderate disability,and 53 individuals(17.49%)had severe disability.Specifically,there were 22 individuals with cognitive impairment(7.26%),181 individuals with mobility difficulties(59.74%),38 individuals who were long-term bedridden(12.54%),47 individuals with both mobility difficulties and cognitive impairment(15.51%),and 15 individuals with both long-term bedridden and cognitive impairment(4.95%).A total of 441 assistive devices,comprising 6 types,were allocated to 303 elderly individuals based on their assessment results.Conclusions The elderly’s ability assessment system and method are highly applicable in the process of adapting assistive devices,enabling the acquisition of their disability status for personalized and accurate device configuration.