NICU早产儿母亲心理弹性现状及其与社会支持、疾病不确定感的相关性

Current status of psychological resilience and its association with social support and uncertainty regarding disease in mothers of premature infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit

目的了解新生儿重症监护室(NICU)早产儿母亲的心理弹性现状,探讨其与社会支持、疾病不确定感的相关性,为临床干预提供参考。方法应用一般资料调查问卷、心理弹性量表(RS-14)中文版、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、父母疾病不确定感量表(PPUS-FM)对82名NICU早产儿母亲进行调查,采用Pearson相关分析探究心理弹性与社会支持、疾病不确定感的相关性。结果82名NICU早产儿母亲RS-14、SSRS、PPUS-FM总得分分别为(69.34±11.27)分、(41.72±8.13)分和(98.65±11.46)分,不同年龄、文化程度的NICU早产儿母亲间的RS-14得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析结果显示,NICU早产儿母亲的RS-14评分与SSRS总分(r=0.453)、主观支持维度评分(r=0.433)、客观支持维度评分(r=0.399)、社会支持利用度维度评分(r=0.413)呈正相关(均P<0.001),与PPUS-FM总分(r=-0.514)、复杂性维度评分(r=-0.436)、不明确性维度评分(r=-0.463)、缺乏信息维度评分(r=-0.393)呈负相关(均P<0.001)。结论高龄、低学历的NICU早产儿母亲心理弹性水平较低,可能与社会支持水平较低有关,且可能会导致其疾病不确定感提升,临床应开展针对性的健康宣教工作来降低此类人群的疾病不确定感,从而改善其心理弹性状态。

Objective To examine the current status of psychological resilience and investigate its association with social support and uncertainty about disease in mothers of premature infants admitted to neonatal intensive care unit(NICU),aiming to provide valuable insights for clinical interventions.Methods A total of 82 mothers of premature infants were investigated by general data questionnaire,Chinese version of resilience scale-14(RS-14),social support rating scale(SSRS)and parent’s perception uncertainty scale-family(PPUS-FM).The correlation between psychological resilience and social support,disease uncertainty was explored by Pearson correlation analysis.Results The total scores of RS-14,SSRS,and PPUS-FM for 82 NICU premature mothers were(69.34±11.27)points,(41.72±8.13)points,and(98.65±11.46)points,respectively.Significant differences in RS-14 scores were observed among premature NICU mothers with varying ages and education levels(P<0.05).The Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant positive associations between the RS-14 score of NICU preterm mothers and the SSRS total score(r=0.453),subjective support dimension score(r=0.433),objective support dimension score(r=0.399),and social support utilization dimension score(r=0.413)(all P<0.001).Additionally,there were significant negative correlations between the PPUS-FM total score and the RS-14 score,complexity dimension score,uncertainty dimension score,and lack of information dimension score(r=-0.514,-0.436,-0.463,-0.393;all P<0.001).Conclusions The level of psychological resilience is relatively lower in mothers of premature infants in the NICU who are older and have a lower educational background,potentially due to inadequate social support,which may contribute to increased disease uncertainty.Therefore,targeted health education interventions should be implemented to reduce disease uncertainty among these individuals and enhance their psychological resilience.