破碎矽卡岩深孔爆破关键参数优化

OPTIMIZATION OF KEY PARAMETERS FOR DEEP HOLE BLASTING OF CRUSHED SKARN

以河钢集团沙河中关铁矿为例,就接触交代矽卡岩型矿床采用的阶段空场嗣后充填采矿法中的大直径深孔凿岩侧向崩矿技术展开了研究,通过地质情况调研、基本理论计算、爆破试验模拟、现场转化研究等对穿孔爆破等关键参数进行优化,解决了分段多次爆破成井效果不佳、爆破块度不均匀等问题。采用微差爆破技术、间隔及不耦合装药技术、预裂爆破技术等可降低爆破作业对空区的扰动而引起的片帮冒顶的情况,对爆破边帮起到保护作用,同时降低爆破有害效应;运用数理统计原理检查大块率粉矿率,统计炸药单耗情况,采用耦合因素分析得到优化参数;采用三维空区扫描技术对孔网爆破效果检查,提高矿石回采率指标,通过技术论证和现场不断实践优化,建立了单独的深孔爆破技术体系,明显改善爆破效果,为该矿山解决技术隘口的同时可为其他类似地质条件矿山提供借鉴与参考。

Taking HBIS Group Shahe Zhongguan Iron Mine as an example,the large-diameter deep-hole rock drilling lateral collapse technology in the stage empty field post-fill mining method used in contact with skarn-type ore deposits was studied,and the key parameters such as perforation and blasting were optimized through geological investigation,basic theoretical calculation,blasting test simulation,on-site transformation research,etc.,and the problems of poor effect of segmented multiple blasting into wells and uneven blasting block degree were solved.The use of differential blasting technology,interval and uncoupled charge technology,pre-cracking blasting technology,etc.can reduce the roof of the piece gang caused by the disturbance of the blasting operation on the empty area,protect the blasting side gang,and reduce the harmful effect of blasting at the same time;The principle of mathematical statistics was used to check the bulk rate of fine ore,the unit consumption of explosives was counted,and the optimization parameters were obtained by coupling factor analysis.The three-dimensional empty area scanning technology is used to check the blasting effect of the hole network,improve the ore recovery rate index,and establish a separate deep hole blasting technology system through technical demonstration and on-site continuous practice optimization,which significantly improves the blasting effect,and can provide reference and reference for other mines with similar geological conditions while solving the technical pass for the mine.