精神科护理人员失眠状况及与工作压力源、述情障碍的关系

Relationship between insomnia,job stressors and alexithymia in psychiatric nursing staff

目的探讨精神科护理人员失眠状况及其与工作压力源、述情障碍的关系,为精神科护理人员睡眠障碍的预防、干预提供依据。方法采用方便抽样法,选取我院精神科护士184人作为研究对象。采用阿森斯失眠量表(AIS)、中国护士工作压力源量表(CNSS)和多伦多述情障碍量表(TAS-20)对研究对象进行问卷调查,并对所得数据进行统计分析。结果AIS评分>6分的护理人员有76人,研究对象失眠发生率为41.30%。除工作环境及仪器设备问题(WEE)因子外,失眠组研究对象CNSS[护理专业及工作方面的问题(NSNW)、时间分配及工作量问题(TDWQ)、病人护理方面的问题(NCP)、管理及人际关系方面的问题(MIR)]、TAS-20[情感辨别不能(DIF)、情感描绘不能(DDF)、外向型思维(EOT)]各因子得分显著高于非失眠组(P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析结果显示,研究对象AIS总分与CNSS、TAS-20各因子均呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,TDWQ、DDF、EOT对研究对象AIS总分有显著预测作用(P<0.05),可解释AIS总分变异的55.80%。中介效应检验结果显示,述情障碍在研究对象睡眠状况与工作压力之间起部分中介作用,中介效应占总效应的41.93%。结论工作压力源、述情障碍是精神科护理人员失眠的危险因素,述情障碍在精神科护理人员失眠程度与工作压力源之间起部分中介作用。

Objective This paper aims to investigate the status of insomnia in psychiatric nursing staff and its relationship with job stressors and alexithymia to provide evidence for the prevention and intervention of sleep disorders.Methods A to-tal of 184 psychiatric nurses in the Fifth People's Hospital of Luoyang were selected by convenience sampling.The Athens Insomnia Scale(AIS),Chinese Nurses Stressor Scale(CNSS),and 20-item Toronto alexithymia scale(TAS-20)were used to investigate the participants.Statistical analyses were performed on the obtained data.Results Seventy-six nursing staff had an AIS score over 6,and the incidence of insomnia was 41.30%.In addition to the factors of work environment and e-quipment(WEE),the scores of CNSS[nursing specialty and nursing work(NSNW),time distribution and work quantity(TDWQ),nursing care of patients(NCP),management and interpersonal relations(MIR)],TAS-20[difficulty identifying feelings(DIF),difficulties describing feelings(DDF),and externally oriented thinking(EOT)]were significantly higher in the insomnia group than in the non-insomnia group(P<0.05).The Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between AIS total score and CNSS and TAS-20 factors in the participants(P<0.05).The multiple linear regression analysis showed that TDWQ,DDF,and EOT significantly predicted the AIS total score of the participants(P<0.05)and could explain 55.8%of the AIS total score variation.The mediation effect test indicated that alexithymia played a partial mediating role between sleep status and work stress in the participants,and the mediating effect accounted for 41.93%of the total effect.Conclusion Work stressors and alexithymia are risk factors for insomnia in psy-chiatric nursing staff,and alexithymia plays a partial mediating role between the degree of insomnia and work stressors.