全球锂资源特征及市场发展态势分析

Research on the characteristics and market development trend of global lithium resources

锂作为全球重要的新兴关键性矿产之一,被中国、美国、日本、欧盟等世界各主要经济体列为战略性或关键矿产,各主要经济体愈加重视锂资源安全供应。为全面了解全球锂资源特征,剖析市场发展态势,全面梳理了全球锂资源主要成矿类型、分布特征、成矿时代和典型成矿区带情况,结合主要国家锂资源市场态势,分析了全球锂资源供需格局和价格走势,并就保障中国锂资源供应安全提出建议。总体来看,全球锂资源丰富,但分布和供需高度集中。当前,随着全球新能源产业的蓬勃发展,锂资源供给和需求快速增长,国际贸易量和价格稳步上升;为缓解供应紧张局面,全球锂资源开发项目众多,锂矿勘查投入逐年增加。中国作为全球第一大锂资源消费国,国内锂资源供给不足,对外依存度高达67%,仍存在锂资源市场产业链不完善、金融体系薄弱、企业国际竞争力较弱等问题。研究结果为全面了解全球锂资源特征和市场发展态势提供重要参考,对勘查投资具有一定指导意义。

In recent years,lithium has became one of the important emerging key minerals in the world and has been listed as strategic or critical mineral by China,the United States,Japan,the European Union,and other major economies in the world.The major economies pay more attention to the supply security of lithium resources.This study is conducted to comprehensively understand the global lithium resource characteristics and analyze the market development trend.This paper comprehensively combs the main metallogenic types,distribution characteristics,metallogenic epochs,typical metallogenic belts,as well as the market trends of lithium resources in major countries.In addition,this paper analyzes the supply-demand structure and price trend of global lithium resources,and puts forward several suggestions on ensuring the supply security of lithium resources in China.In general,the global lithium resources are rich,but the distribution,as well as supply and demand are highly concentrated.At present,the supply and demand,as well as the volume and price of international trade of global lithium resources have increased rapidly,with the vigorous development of the new energy industry all around the world.In order to relieve the tense supply situation,there are many lithium resource development projects in the world,and the investment in lithium exploration has increased year by year.As the largest lithium resource consumer in the world,China has insufficient domestic lithium resource supply and the degree of external dependence is up to 67%.Moreover,the lithium resource market of China still has problems such as imperfect industrial chain,weak financial system and weak international competitiveness of enterprises.This paper would provide considerable insights for global lithium resource characteristics,market development trends,and exploration investment.