微种植体支抗在青少年口腔正畸治疗中的效果及对支抗稳定性的影响因素分析

Effect of Micro-implant Anchorage on Orthodontic Adolescents and Analysis of Infl uencing Factors on the Stability of Anchorage

目的:探究微种植体支抗在青少年口腔正畸治疗中的效果以及对支抗稳定性的影响因素。方法:回顾性分析2015年1月-2021年5月笔者医院接受口腔正畸治疗的200例青少年患者,按照矫正方式不同分为观察组(n=160)和对照组(n=40)。对照组给予传统正畸治疗,观察组采用微种植体支抗治疗。对比两组患者治疗后的临床疗效、患者满意度、上中切牙倾角、上中切牙凸距差及磨牙移位情况等。观察组按支抗体的情况将160例患者分为稳定组(n=138)和不稳定组(n=22),采用单因素分析、Logistic回归分析微种植体支抗对青少年患者支抗稳定性的影响因素。结果:治疗后,观察组的临床疗效、患者满意度、上中切牙倾角、上中切牙凸距差均高于对照组,磨牙移位情况低于对照组(P<0.05)。经单因素分析,稳定组加载时机(即刻加载)、周围组织肿胀、左右侧(右侧)均低于不稳定组,受力时间(<6周)、口腔卫生(好)高于不稳定组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经Logistic分析,口腔卫生状况、受力持续时间、左右侧、加载时机及周围组织肿胀为微种植体支抗的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:微种植体支抗对青少年口腔正畸的效果良好,患者满意度高。口腔卫生状况、加载时机、周围组织肿胀、受力持续时间、左右侧等均会影响微种植体支抗的治疗效果,故应采取相应措施,优化治疗方案。

Objective To explore the orthodontic effect of microimplant support on orthodontic adolescents and the influencing factors of support stability.Methods A retrospective analysis of 200 adolescent patients admitted to author’s hospital from January 2015 to May 2021 was divided into observation group(n=160)and control group(n=40)according to the correction mode.The control group was given traditional orthodontic treatment,and the observation group was treated with micro-implant support.The clinical efficacy,patient satisfaction,inclination angle of upper middle incisors,convex distance difference of upper middle incisors,and molars displacement were compared between the two groups.In the observation group,160 patients were divided into stable group(n=138)and unstable group(n=22)according to the situation of branches,and univariate analysis and logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of microimplant support on the stability of microimplant support in adolescent patients.Results After treatment,the clinical efficacy,patient satisfaction,inclination angle of upper middle incisors,and convex distance of upper middle incisors in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the displacement of molars was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).According to univariate analysis,the loading time(immediate loading),swelling of surrounding tissues,left and right sides(right)were lower in the stable group than in the unstable group,and the stress time(<6 weeks)and oral hygiene(good)were higher than those in the unstable group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).According to Logistic analysis,oral hygiene status,duration of force,left and right side,loading time and swelling of surrounding tissues were the influencing factors of microimplant support(P<0.05).Conclusion Microimplant support has a good effect on adolescent orthodontics,and patient satisfaction is high.Oral hygiene,loading time,swelling of surrounding tissues,duration of force,left and right sides,etc.will affect the therapeutic effect of microimplant support,so corresponding measures should be taken to optimize the treatment plan.