斑秃患者家庭及社会因素与其心理及人格特征的相关性分析

Correlation Analysis of Family and Social Factors with Their Psychological and Personality Characteristics in Patients with Alopecia Areata

目的:了解斑秃患者家庭及社会因素,并探讨家庭及社会因素与患者心理及人格特征的相关性。方法:前瞻性连续选取2020年10月-2021年12月笔者医院收治的200例斑秃患者作为观察组,并选择同期100例健康查体志愿者作为对照组。采用家庭环境量表(Family environment scale,FES-CV)、社会再适应评定量表(Social readjustment rating scale,SRRS)、症状自评量表(Symptom checklist 90,SCL-90)及艾森克人格问卷(Eysenck personality questionnai,EPQ)对两组患者家庭环境、社会因素、心理状态及人格特征进行评价,并采用皮肤病生活质量指数(Dermatology life quality index,DLQI)及脱发严重程度评分(Severity of alopecia tool,SALT)对两组患者生存质量及病情进行评价,随后采用Pearson法对FES-CV和SRRS评分与SCL-90、EPQ、DLQI及SALT相关性进行分析。结果:观察组与对照组相比,患者亲密度、情感表达、独立性、成功性、知识性、娱乐性、道德和宗教观及组织性均较低,矛盾性及控制性均较高,同时FES-CV总分更低(P<0.05);患者SRRS、DLQI及SALT评分均高于对照组(P<0.05);患者躯体化、强迫症、人际敏感、抑郁症、焦虑、敌对、恐惧、偏执、精神病性及其他均较对照组高,同时SCL-90总分亦较对照组高(P<0.05);观察组精神质与对照组相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组内外向、神经质和说谎与对照组相比,均较高(P<0.05);观察组FES-CV与SCL-90、EPQ、DLQI及SALT均呈负相关(r_(SCL)-90=-0.773,r_(EPQ)=-0.788,r_(DLQI)=-0.771,r_(SALT)=-0.764,均P<0.05),并且观察组SRRS与SCL-90、EPQ、DLQI及SALT均呈正相关(r_(SCL)-90=0.710,r_(EPQ)=0.765,r_(DLQI)=0.694,r_(SALT)=0.743,均P<0.05)。结论:家庭环境及社会因素均对斑秃患者心理状态及人格特征造成一定影响,各种负面情绪又将导致患者病情恶化,从而降低患者生活质量,故根据患者实际情况,进行针对性心理干预,可有助于改善患者心理状态,从而利于病情治疗,进而有利于提高患者生活质量。

Objective To understand the family and social factors of patients with alopecia areata,and to explore the correlation analysis between family and social factors and the psychological and personality characteristics of patients.Methods 200 patients with alopecia areata who were treated in the author's hospital from October 2021 to December 2022 were prospectively and continuously selected as the observation group,and 100 healthy volunteers during the same period were selected as the control group.The Family Environment Scale(FES-CV),the Social Readjustment Rating Scale(SRRS),the Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90)and the Eysenck Personality Questionnai(EPQ)were used evaluated the family environment,social factors,psychological state and personality characteristics of the two groups,and used the Dermatology Life Quality Index(DLQI)and the Severity of Alopecia Tool(SALT)to evaluate the quality of life and condition of the two groups.The Pearson method was then used to analyze the correlation between FES-CV and SRRS scores and SCL-90,EPQ,DLQI and SALT.Results Compared with the control group,the observation group had lower intimacy,emotional expression,independence,success,knowledge,entertainment,moral and religious outlook and organization,higher ambivalence and control,and lower FES-CV score(P<0.05).The SRRS,DLQI and SALT scores of the patients were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).The patients had higher somatization,obsessive-compulsive disorder,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety,hostility,fear,paranoia,psychosis and other factors than the control group,and the total score of SCL-90 was also higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),there was no significant difference in mental quality between the observation group and the control group(P>0.05).Compared with the control group,the observation group had higher extroversion,neuroticism and lying(P<0.05).In the observation group,FES-CV was negatively correlated with SCL-90,EPQ,DLQI and SALT(r_(SCL)-90=-0.773,r_(EPQ)=-0.788,r_(DLQI)=-0.771,r_(SALT)=-0.764,all P<0.05),and SRRS was also positively correlated with SCL-90,EPQ,DLQI and SALT(r_(SCL)-90=0.710,r_(EPQ)=0.765,r_(DLQI)=0.694,r_(SALT)=0.743,all P<0.05).Conclusion Family environment and social factors have a certain impact on the psychological state and personality characteristics of patients with alopecia areata,and various negative emotions will lead to the deterioration of the patient's condition,thereby reducing the quality of life of the patient,so according to the actual situation of the patient,targeted psychological intervention can help improve the psychological state of the patient,thereby facilitating the treatment of the disease,and then helping to improve the quality of life of the patient.