团队虚拟性的“双刃剑”效应——基于团队发展的视角

The double-edged sword effects of team virtuality:A team development perspective

团队虚拟性意指团队成员分散工作并借助虚拟沟通工具进行协作的程度。提高团队虚拟性已成为组织顺应数字经济发展,应对疫情冲击的重要举措。然而,学界尚未能对团队虚拟性究竟是促进或阻抑团队绩效这一问题给出明确答案。这不仅会造成理论认知的缺陷,也难以为组织充分发挥团队虚拟性的优势以提升团队绩效提供有效指导。本项目基于团队发展视角,围绕“团队虚拟性对团队绩效是利还是弊以及如何扬长避短”等问题开展三个研究:(1)引入团队发展阶段这一动态权变因素,剖析团队虚拟性在团队不同发展阶段对团队绩效的差异化影响;(2)探析团队虚拟性促进与阻抑团队绩效的双重路径,诠释在团队不同发展阶段何种路径起主导作用;(3)探索团队领导在团队不同发展阶段如何增强/削弱团队虚拟性对团队绩效的积极/消极影响。本项目为剖析团队虚拟性对团队绩效的“双刃剑”效应构建了一个新的理论分析框架,并可为团队领导根据团队发展阶段匹配对应的管理干预策略提供决策支持。

Team virtuality refers to the extent to which team members disperse in different working locations and collaborate through use of virtual communication tools.Numbers of organizations have reacted to the development of digital economy and the impact of COVID-19 pandemic by enhancing team virtuality.However,whether team virtuality is beneficial or harmful to team performance is still unclear in the extant literature,confusing practitioners on whether they should enhance team virtuality,and if yes,then on how to leverage team virtuality to improve team performance.Relying on team development perspective,this project aims to address these important questions:Whether and why team virtuality lead to both positive and negative effects of team performance and how can team leaders intervene such effects?Towards this end,three studies would be conducted:(1)The differential effects of team virtuality on team performance varying as team development stage;(2)The positive and negative mechanisms linking team virtuality to team performance and the dominant mechanism in different team development stage;(3)The effective interventions team leader can take to enhance the positive effects while buffer the negative effects of team virtuality on team performance in different team development stage.The novelty of this project:Provide a novel and integrative theoretical framework for interpreting the double-edged sword effects of team virtuality on team performance;Provide a new perspective for team leaders to intervening the effects of team virtuality on team performance based on different team development stage.