2019-2021年西藏自治区居民艾滋病知识知晓及非婚性行为状况调查

HIV/AIDS knowledge awareness and non-marital sexual behavior of residents in Tibet Autonomous Region from 2019 to 2021

目的了解西藏自治区居民艾滋病知识知晓率、非婚性行为特征及其影响因素,为该地区艾滋病健康教育工作提供参考。方法采用立意和整群抽样相结合的方法于2019-2021年对西藏自治区7个市(地)62个县区常住居民开展面对面问卷调查。采用χ^(2)检验和Logistic回归分析艾滋病知识知晓率和非婚性行为的影响因素。结果回收有效问卷12738份,调查对象的艾滋病知识知晓率为62.73%(7991/12738),74例(0.58%)自报告有吸毒行为。9103例已婚/同居调查对象中,495例(5.44%)最近1年发生过非婚性行为,其中65例(13.13%)发生过商业性性行为。多因素分析结果显示:女性(OR=0.62,95%CI:0.57~0.67)、年龄≥50岁(OR=0.57,95%CI:0.52~0.63)、离异/丧偶(OR=0.55,95%CI:0.44~0.68)、小学及以下文化程度(OR=0.57,95%CI:0.52~0.63)、私立医院就医(OR=0.66,95%CI:0.57~0.77),自行购买药品(OR=0.49,95%CI:0.36~0.68)以及不就医(OR=0.76,95%CI:0.69~0.84)者艾滋病知识知晓率更低。男性(OR=2.36,95%CI=1.92~2.90)、私人诊所就医(OR=2.40,95%CI=1.35~4.27)、吸毒者(OR=9.72,95%CI=5.25~17.99)、牧民(OR=1.81,95%CI=1.47~2.22)与城镇居民(OR=2.55,95%CI=1.58~4.12)发生非婚性行为的概率更高。结论西藏自治区居民艾滋病知识知晓率较低,存在一定比例的高危性行为和吸毒者,建议加强艾滋病知识和安全性行为的健康教育及高危行为的干预工作,遏制艾滋病的蔓延和传播。

Objective To investigate the awareness rate of HIV/AIDS knowledge,characteristics of sexual behavior and its influencing factors among residents in Tibet Autonomous Region,and to provide reference for HIV/AIDS health education.Methods From 2019 to 2021,a face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted among permanent residents in 62 counties of 7 cities(prefectures)in Tibet Autonomous Region,and combination method of purposive and cluster sampling was used.Chi-square test and Logistic regression were applied to analyze the factors influencing knowledge rates of HIV/AIDS and non-marital sexual behaviors.Results Totally 12738 valid questionnaires were collected.The awareness rate of HIV/AIDS knowledge was 62.73%(7991/12738),and 74 cases(0.58%)were self-reported drug use.Out of the 9103 married/cohabiting respondents,495 cases(5.44%)had non-marital sex in the past year,of which 65 cases(13.13%)had commercial sex.Multivariate analysis showed that the awareness rates of HIV/AIDS knowledge were lower in respondents who were women(OR=0.62,95%CI:0.57-0.67),≥50 years old(OR=0.57,95%CI:0.52-0.63),divorced/widowed(OR=0.55,95%CI:0.44-0.68),had primary school education or below(OR=0.57,95%CI:0.52-0.63),sought medical advice in private hospitals(OR=0.66,95%CI:0.57-0.77),bought drugs by themselves(OR=0.49,95%CI:0.36-0.68),and did not seek medical advice(OR=0.76,95%CI:0.69-0.84).The probabilities of non-marital sex were higher in respondents who were men(OR=2.36,95%CI:1.92-2.90),sought medical advice in private clinic(OR=2.40,95%CI:1.35-4.27),drug addicts(OR=9.72,95%CI:5.25-17.99),herdsmen(OR=1.81,95%CI:1.47-2.22),and urban residents(OR=2.55,95%CI:1.58-4.12).Conclusions The awareness rate of HIV/AIDS among residents in Tibet Autonomous Region is low,and there are a proportion of high-risk sexual behaviors and drug addicts.It is suggested to strengthen health education on HIV/AIDS knowledge and safe sex,and interventions on high-risk behaviors in combination with religion,so as to curb the spread and transmission of AIDS.