马克思消费理论及其批判维度

Marx’s Consumption Theory and Its Critical Dimension

作为马克思主义理论的有机组成部分,马克思消费理论是对资本主义生产方式现实考察所形成的重要理论。马克思在分析资本主义生产关系基础上对资本主义社会消费问题进行了批判,明确资本主义社会条件下的生产方式导致了资本主义生产的无限扩大造成社会生产的相对过剩与普通民众的消费能力不足,导致资本主义出现财富与贫困双重积累而引发经济危机和社会危机。社会主义条件下,消费成为社会生产的目的,也成为社会生产发展的内在动力,在生产和需要之间建立起一种更为合理的联系。在全面建设社会主义现代化国家、走向共同富裕的过程中,要树立科学的消费理念,加快消费模式转变。

As an integral part of Marxist theory,Marx’s theory of consumption is an important theory devel⁃oped from a realistic examination of the capitalist mode of production.On the basis of his analysis of capi⁃talist relations of production,Marx criticised the problem of consumption in capitalist society,making it clear that the mode of production under capitalist social conditions has led to an infinite expansion of capi⁃talist production resulting in a relative excess of social production and a lack of consumption capacity among the general public,leading to an economic and social crisis caused by the double accumulation of wealth and poverty in capitalism.Under socialist conditions,consumption has become the purpose of social production and an intrinsic motivation for its development,creating a more rational link between production and need.In the process of comprehensively building a socialist modern state and moving towards common pros⁃perity,it is necessary to establish a scientific concept of consumption and accelerate the transformation of consumption patterns.