回肠膀胱造口患者自我护理现状及影响因素分析

Status and influencing factors of self-care for patients with cystostomy and ileal conduit

目的探讨回肠膀胱造口患者自我护理能力现状及其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2021年10月—2022年3月在北京大学第一医院尿路造口门诊就诊的160例回肠膀胱造口患者为研究对象,采用一般资料调查问卷、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、泌尿造口自我护理量表对患者进行调查。采用Spearman相关分析探讨回肠膀胱造口患者社会支持与自我护理的相关性,采用多重线性回归分析探讨回肠膀胱造口患者自我护理能力的影响因素。共发放问卷160份,回收有效问卷157份,有效回收率为98.13%(157/160)。结果157例回肠膀胱造口患者的泌尿造口自我护理量表总分为[20.00(4.00,21.00)]分。多重线性回归分析结果显示,婚姻状况、合并症、造口及周围并发症、造口门诊就诊时间和客观支持是回肠膀胱造口患者自我护理的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论回肠膀胱造口患者自我护理与多种因素有关,医护人员应从患者个体、社会功能等多维度加强对造口患者的干预及管理,提高其自我护理能力。

Objective To explore the current status and influencing factors of self-care ability in patients with cystostomy and ileal conduit.Methods Using the convenient sampling method,a total of 160 patients with cystostomy and ileal conduit who visited the Urostomy Clinic of Peking University First Hospital from October 2021 to March 2022 were selected as the research objects.Patients were surveyed using a general information survey questionnaire,Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS)and Urostomy Education Scale.Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between social support and self-care in patients with cystostomy and ileal conduit,and multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of self-care ability in patients with cystostomy and ileal conduit.A total of 160 questionnaires were sent out,and 157 were effectively collected,with an effective recovery rate of 98.13%(157/160).Results The total score of Urostomy Education Scale of 157 patients with cystostomy and ileal conduit was[20.00(4.00,21.00)].The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that marital status,comorbidities,stoma and peristomal complications,frequency of follow up in urostomy clinic and objective support were the influenting factors for self-care of patients with cystostomy and ileal conduit(P<0.05).Conclusions Self-care of patients with cystostomy and ileal conduit is related to many factors.Medical staff should strengthen the intervention and management of patients with cystostomy and ileal conduit from multiple aspects such as individual and social function,so as to improve their self-care ability.