1990~2019年中国人群2型糖尿病疾病负担及其危险因素分析

Burden of disease and risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese population from 1990 to 2019

目的研究1990~2019年中国人群2型糖尿病(T2DM)疾病负担及其危险因素的变化趋势。方法基于2019年全球疾病负担研究,采用患病人数、新发病例数、死亡人数和患病率、发病率、死亡率及年龄标化率等分析1990~2019年我国T2DM疾病负担及其危险因素的变化趋势。结果2019年我国T2DM患病人数、新发病例数、死亡人数为9001.8、373.9、16.8万例,较1990年增长159.7%、96.5%和162.8%;年龄标化患病率、发病率和死亡率为4496.4/10万、201.1/10万和9.2/10万,较1990年增长22.5%、15.4%和6.3%。另外,2019年数据显示男性年龄标化患病率、发病率和死亡率均高于女性(年龄标化患病率:男性4902.4/10万,女性4089.4/10万;年龄标化发病率:男性212.7/10万,女性189.2/10万;年龄标化死亡率:男性10.5/10万,女性8.5/10万)。1990~2019年,与T2DM死亡相关危险因素中排名前5位的由高血糖(8.63/10万)、室内空气污染(1.52/10万)、高体质指数(BMI)为(1.25/10万)、二手烟(1.09/10万)和吸烟(1.03/10万)变为高血糖(9.17/10万)、高BMI指数(2.39/10万)、室外颗粒物污染(1.74/10万)、吸烟(1.12/10万)和二手烟(0.98/10万)。结论1990~2019年,我国T2DM的年龄标化患病率、发病率、死亡率总体呈上升趋势,高血糖、高BMI指数、室外颗粒物污染、吸烟和二手烟是与T2DM死亡相关的主要危险因素。应从健康、经济及社会等多角度制定更综合、个性化、可持续的干预措施,以减轻T2DM疾病负担。

Objective To study the change trend of disease burden and risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)in Chinese population from 1990 to 2019.Methods Based on 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study(GBD 2019),the change trend of disease burden and risk factors of T2DM in China from 1990 to 2019 was analyzed by using the number of patients,new cases and deaths as well as prevalence,incidence and mortality and their agestandardized rates.Results In 2019,the number of patients with T2DM,new cases and deaths in China were,respectively,9001.8,373.9 and 16.8 ten thousand,which increased by,respectively,159.7%,96.5%and 162.8%compared with those in 1990.In 2019,the age-standardized prevalence,incidence and mortality were,respectively,4496.4/100000,201.1/100000 and 9.2/100000,which increased by,respectively,22.5%,15.4%and 6.3%compared with those in 1990.In addition,the data in 2019 showed that the age-standardized prevalence,incidence and mortality in male population were higher than those in female population(age-standardized prevalence:4902.4/100000 for males and 4089.4/100000 for females;age-standardized incidence:212.7/100000 for males and 189.2/100000 for females;age-standardized mortality:10.5/100000 for males and 8.5/100000 for females).From 1990 to 2019,among risk factors for T2DM,the top 5 risk factors changed from hyperglycemia(8.63/100000),indoor air pollution(1.52/100000),high body mass index(BMI,1.25/100000),secondhand smoke(1.09/100000)and smoking(1.03/100000)to hyperglycemia(9.17/100000),high BMI(2.39/100000),outdoor particulate pollution(1.74/100000),smoking(1.12/100000)and secondhand smoke(0.98/100000).Conclusion From 1990 to 2019,the age-standardized prevalence,incidence and mortality of T2DM in China showed an overall upward trend.Hyperglycemia,high BMI,outdoor particulate pollution,smoking and secondhand smoke are main risk factors related to T2DM death.More comprehensive,personalized and sustainable interventions should be developed from health,economic and social perspectives to reduce the disease burden of T2DM.