杭州市生物安全二级实验室医疗废物无害化处置现状调查

Investigation on the status quo of harmless disposal of medical waste in BSL-2 laboratory in Hangzhou

目的了解杭州市生物安全二级(BSL-2)实验室医疗废物无害化处置过程中的潜在风险。方法对2021年10月参与杭州市实验室生物安全技术与管理培训班的76家BSL-2实验室的学员开展问卷调查。结果8家(10.5%)BSL-2实验室的医疗废物消毒人员尚未获取压力蒸汽灭菌器操作培训合格证;14家(18.4%)未使用或不能确定是否使用生物安全型灭菌器;5家(6.6%)医疗废物容积超过包装袋的3/4;4家(5.3%)未在投入使用前或日常工作中开展生物监测;2家(2.6%)未在投入使用前或日常工作中开展化学监测;将监测指示物裸露放置或者混入医疗废物中开展监测的分别有13家(17.1%)和30家(39.5%)。第三方检验检测机构与事业单位实验室在压力蒸汽灭菌器设置区域、医疗废物包装袋层数和打结方式的差异有统计学意义(P=0.037、0.015和0.037)。结论杭州市部分BSL-2实验室的医疗废物无害化处置不符合标准规范要求,医疗废物消毒效果监测有待完善。

Objective To understand the potential risks of harmless disposal of medical waste in BSL-2 laboratory in Hangzhou.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among workers from 76 BSL-2 laboratories who participated in the training course of Hangzhou laboratory biosafety technology and management in October 2021.Results Medical waste sterilization personnel in 8(10.5%)BSL-2 laboratories had not obtained the training certificate of pressure steam sterilizer operation;14(18.4%)had not used or were not sure whether to use biosafety sterilizers;medical waste volume in 5(6.6%)laboratories exceeded 3/4 of the packaging bag;4(5.3%)did not carry out biological monitoring before the pressure steam sterilizer was put into use or in daily work;2(2.6%)did not carry out chemical monitoring before putting into use or in daily work;13(17.1%)and 30(39.5%)conducted monitoring by exposing or mixing monitoring indicators into medical waste,respectively.There were statistically significant differences in setting area of pressure steam sterilizer(P=0.037),number of layers of medical waste packaging bag(P=0.015)and knoting method(P=0.037)between third-party inspection and testing institutions and public institution laboratories.Conclusion The harmless disposal of medical waste in some BSL-2 laboratories in Hangzhou does not meet the requirements of the standards and regulations,and monitoring of the sterilization effect of medical waste needs to be improved.