峨眉金腰生物学特性研究

Biological characteristics of Chrysosplenium hydrocotylifolium var.emeiense J.T.Pan

研究多年生草本药用植物峨眉金腰主要生物学特性,为其资源鉴别与利用提供理论依据。以湖北恩施利川基地长年人工培植的峨眉金腰为对象,于不同生长发育时期跟踪观察其根茎、叶片、花序、蒴果、种子等器官。峨眉金腰具根状地下茎,有明显节和节间,不定根,4月-9月为营养生长期,以基生叶生长为主,10月-翌年4月为生殖生长时期,多歧聚伞花序,每朵花8个雄蕊,1个雌蕊,4瓣花萼,蒴果先端平截中部微凹,2果瓣近等大,种子黑褐色,近卵球形,长约1毫米,具微乳头突起,有光泽。这种植物在海拔1200 m的荫生环境下生长,全年无倒苗现象,以全草入药。研究结果为峨眉金腰的资源鉴别和开发利用提供了参考依据。

The morphological characteristics of Chrysosplenium hydrocotylifolium var.emeiense J.T.Pan were studied to provide a theoretical basis for its resource identification and utilization.Its rhizome,leaves,inflorescences,cap⁃sular fruit,seeds,and other organs were tracked and observed at different growth stages in an artifical cultivation base in Lichuan,Enshi,Hubei.Chrysosplenium hydrocotylifolium var.eminence J.T.Pan has underground rhizomes,obvious nodes and internodes,and adventitious roots.Its vegetative growth stage is from April to September,and mainly based on basal leaves.The reproductive growth period is from October to April of the following year.It has polygamous cymes with 8 stamens,1 pistil,and 4 calyxes per flower.The capsule fruit is flat and slightly concave in the middle,and 2 fruit petals nearly equal in size.The seeds are dark brown,nearly oval,about 1 mm in length,glossy and have micropapillary protrusions.This plant grows in a shady environment at an altitude of 1200 meters and has no follen seedlings throughout the year.The whole plant is used as medicine.The results provide a reference for resource identification,development and utilization of Chrysosplenium hydrocotylifolium var.emeiense J.T.Pan.