政策试点结果差异的影响因素及生成机制——基于20个案例的清晰集定性比较分析

The Influencing Factors and Generating Mechanism of the Differences in Results of Policy Pilot Projects:A Clear Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis Based on 20 Cases

政策试点是我国现代化建设过程中一种重要的政策实施机制。囿于我国现实情况纷繁复杂,因而政策试点存在结果差异。本文选取我国20个政策试点案例,采用清晰集定性比较分析的方法,在“中央政府推动-地方政府执行”的框架下探究不同类型、不同领域的政策试点出现结果差异的影响因素和生成机制。根据清晰集定性比较分析(csQCA)结果政策清晰、中央媒体报道、地方政府构建领导小组或协作机制是政策试点成功的重要影响因素,在此条件组合的基础上概括出政策试点成功的三种模式,即政策推动型、资源依赖型和诉求导向型。最后引入“输入-过程-输出”模型阐释政策试点结果差异的生成机制。

The policy pilot is an important policy implementation mechanism in China’s modernization process.Due to the complex reality in China,there are differences in results of policy pilot projects.This paper selects 20 policy pilot cases in China and uses a clear set qualitative comparative analysis method to explore the influencing factors and generation mechanisms of different types and fields of policy pilot results under the framework of“promoted by the central government-executed by local governments”.According to the results of csQCA,the clear policies,the reports from by central media,and the establishment of leading groups or coordination mechanisms by local governments are important influencing factors for the success of the policy pilot projects.On the basis of the combination of these conditions,three successful models of policy pilot projectsare summarized,namely,policy-driven type,resource-dependent type and demand-oriented type.Finally,this paper introduces the“input-process-output”model to explain the generating mechanism of the differences inresults of policy pilot projects.