乡村振兴进程中农村低收入人口常态化帮扶机制研究

Research on the Normalization Assistance Mechanism for Rural Low-Income Population in the Process of Rural Revitalization

在巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接的阶段,加快构建农村低收入人口常态化帮扶机制对有效防范规模性返贫、全面推进乡村振兴和促进农民生活共同富裕具有重要意义。本文通过对脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴帮扶对象、治理目标和治理模式的比较,本文认为在脱贫攻坚转换到乡村振兴的情境下,应加快构建农村低收入人口常态化帮扶机制。研究发现:第一,在脱贫攻坚时期帮扶对象主要聚焦于绝对贫困人口,而在全面推进乡村振兴的进程中帮扶对象将转变为农村低收入人口,其治理目标也将从消除绝对贫困转变为促进农民农村共同富裕;第二,在治理目标发生重大转变的前提下,帮扶机制要做出适应性调整,从超常规治理转向常规治理,以实现对农村低收入人口的常态化治理;第三,乡村振兴进程中农村低收入人口的治理,需要从完善收入分配制度、落实就业优先战略、健全社会保障体系和促进基本公共服务均等化四个方面着手构建农村低收入人口的常态化帮扶机制。

At the stage of consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation and connecting with rural revitalization effectively,the construction of normalization assistance mechanism for rural low-income populationsis of great significance in effectively preventing large-scale poverty return,comprehensively promoting rural revitalization,and promoting common prosperity for farmers.By comparing the assistance objects,governance objectives and governance models between poverty alleviation and rural revitalization,it is considered that the normalization assistance mechanism for rural low-income population should be accelerated under the situation of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization.Firstly,duringthe period of poverty alleviation,the main focus of assistance will be on the absolutely impoverished population,while in the process of comprehensively promoting rural revitalization,the assistance target will shift to the low-income rural population.And the governance goal will also shift from eliminating absolute poverty to promoting common prosperity.Secondly,under the premise of significant changes in governance objectives,the assistance mechanism needs to make adaptive adjustments,shifting from unconventional governance to conventional governance,in order to achieve normalized governance of rural low-income populations.Thirdly,in the process of rural revitalization,the governance of rural low-income populations requires the construction of normalization assistance mechanism for rural low-income populations.This requires starting from four aspects:improving the income distribution system,implementing the employment priority strategy,improving the social security system,and promoting the equalization of basic public services.