西大明山自然保护区不同林分类型土壤真菌群落多样性

Diversity of Soil Fungal Community in Different Stand Types of West Damingshan Nature Reserve

为探究广西西大明山自治区级自然保护区(简称西大明山自然保护区)不同林分类型土壤真菌群落多样性及土壤理化性质对其的影响,根据西大明山自然保护区森林资源特点,选取马尾松(Pinus massoniana)林、八角(Illicium verum)林、次生常绿阔叶林和桉树(Eucalyptus spp.)林为研究对象,测定4种林分类型的土壤理化性质,采用Illumina Miseq高通量测序法测定4种林分类型的土壤真菌群落多样性,并分析土壤理化性质与土壤真菌群落多样性的相关性。结果表明,担子菌门(Basidiomycota)、子囊菌门(Ascomycota)和被孢霉门(Mortierellomycota)是4种不同林分类型中相对丰度较高的类群;次生常绿阔叶林土壤中,担子菌门丰度最高;马尾松林、八角林和桉树林土壤中,子囊菌门丰度最高。4种林分类型的土壤真菌群落α多样性差异不显著,桉树林的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Chao1多样性指数最高;土壤真菌群落的β多样性在不同林分间差异显著。4种林分类型的土壤真菌群落多样性均差异显著,具有独特的群落组成和相对丰度。相关性分析表明,水解氮与粪壳菌目(Sordariales)未定属呈极显著正相关,与乳菇属(Lactarius)呈显著正相关;pH值与未定属、全磷与拟锁瑚菌属(Clavulinopsis)、全钾与高氏白粉菌属(Golovinomyces)、有效磷与丝盖伞属(Inocybe)、水解氮与麻孢壳属(Gelasinospora)均呈极显著负相关;pH值与粪壳菌目未定属和牛肝菌目(Boletales)未定属、全磷与古根菌纲(Archaeorhizomycetes)未定属、全钾与盘菌亚门(Pezizomycotina)未定属和刺盾炱目(Chaetothyriales)未定属均呈显著负相关。

In order to explore diversity of soil fungal communities and effects of soil physicochemical properties on different stand types in west Damingshan nature reserve in Guangxi(hereinafter referred to as west Damingshan nature reserve),taking four stand types of Pinus massoniana forest,Illicium verum forest,secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest and eucalypt forest as research objects,soil physicochemical properties of four stand types were analyzed.Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing method was adopted to analyze diversity of soil fungal communities in four stand types.Correlations among soil physicochemical properties and diversities of soil fungal communities were analyzed.Results showed that Basidiomycota,Ascomycota and Mortierellomycota were phyla with relative higher abundance in four different stand types.Abundance of Basidiomycota was the highest in soils of secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest.Abundance of Ascomycota was the highest in soils of P.massoniana forest,I.verum forest and eucalypt forest.There were no significant differences inαdiversities of soil fungal communities in four stand types,whereas Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Chao1 diversity index were the highest in eucalypt forest.β diversities of soil fungal communities were significantly different in four stand types.There were significant differences in diversities of soil fungal communities in four stand types with unique community composition and relative abundance.Correlation analysis showed that hydrolyzable nitrogen had extremely significantly positive correlation with unidentified genus of Sordariales,and significantly positive correlation with Lactarius.There were extremely significantly negative correlations among pH value and unidentified genus,total phosphorus and Clavulinopsis,total potassium and Golovinomyces,available phosphorus and Inocybe,hydrolyzable nitrogen and Gelasinospora.There were significantly negative correlations among pH value and unidentified genera of Sordariales and Boletales,total phosphorus and unidentified genus of Archaeorhizomycetes,total potassium and unidentified genera of Pezizomycotina and Chaetothyriales.