社会团结的先声:皮埃尔·勒鲁的贫困治理思想

The Heralds of Solidarity:Pierre Leroux’s Thoughts on Poor Relief

19世纪中期,产业工人贫困问题在法国社会凸显,社会主义者纷纷提出改革方案,限制自由市场竞争产生的破坏性影响。皮埃尔·勒鲁认为,贫困现象源于19世纪法国社会道德的衰落与统一共识的破碎;治理贫困不仅需要从实践上变革劳动组织和所有权,更要在社会智识中建设稳定的道德秩序,以个体间的世俗团结重塑慈善伦理。这一思想开启了法国社会团结理论的先声,促使19世纪法国慈善话语从以教会救济为主的慈善伦理,向以社会责任为主的世俗团结原则转换,对法国社会福利体系的构建产生深刻影响。

In the middle of the 19th century,the poverty of industrial workers became prominent in French society,and socialists proposed reform plans to limit the destructive impact of free market competition.Pierre Leroux believed that the phenomenon of poverty originated from the decline of social morality and the breakdown of unified consensus in France in the nineteenth century.Governing poverty not only requires practical changes in labor organization and ownership,but also the establishment of a stable moral order in social knowledge,and reshape of charity ethics with secular solidarity among individuals.This idea started the harbinger of the French social solidarity theory,and promoted the transformation of French charity discourse in the nineteenth century from the charity ethics based on church relief to the secular solidarity principle based on social responsibility which influenced the construction of the French social welfare system.