全株玉米混合青贮对其营养品质的影响

Effects of Mixed Ensiling on Nutritional Quality of Whole Plant Maize Silage

近年来,随着牛羊等家畜饲养规模的不断扩大,青贮饲料的需求也相应增加。全株玉米与其他农作物或副产品等营养价值低、难以青贮的原料混贮后,可通过原料间营养成分的互补以及微生物的互作效应使青贮饲料的营养品质更均衡,从而提升我国本土饲草资源的利用潜力。当前,全株玉米与不同原料混贮后对其营养品质的改善效果还不一致。因此,本文结合国内外研究进展,分别对全株玉米与豆科作物、禾本科作物、加工副产物、农业副产物以及其他科属作物混贮后的饲草营养品质变化及影响因素进行了综述,以期为我国青贮饲料的高效利用提供科学指导。

In recent years,with the expanded development of cattle,sheep and other livestock production,the demand for silage increased accordingly.When the whole plant maize is mixed ensiling with other crops,byproducts or some ingredients with low nutritional value or difficulty to ensiling,the nutritional quality of silage can be balanced through the complementarity of nutrients in ingredients and the interaction effect of microorganisms,and then improves the utilization potential of local forage resources.However,the nutritional quality of whole plant maize after mixed ensiling with different ingredients is inconsistent.Based on the domestic and abroad research progress,this paper reviewed the changes of nutritional quality of mixed silage obtained from whole plant maize and leguminous crops,graminaceous crops,processing by-products,agricultural by-products and other crops,respectively,and their influencing factors,so as to provide scientific guidance for the efficient utilization of forage in China.