动物采食调控的肠-脑轴机制

Gut⁃Brain Axis Mechanism in Animal Feeding Regulation

采食是动物获取营养物质以维持自身生长发育和发挥其生产性能的前提。动物的食欲受中枢调控,中枢神经系统通过感应和整合不同的外周食欲信号,经能量稳态或非能量稳态机制调控动物采食量。胃肠道不仅是动物从外界获取食物后储存、消化和吸收的场所,同时存在大量食欲调节信号(肠道充盈状态、营养物质与激素、菌群及其代谢产物等)。本文综述了动物食欲的中枢能量稳态和非能量稳态整合环路、肠道信号感应,归纳和总结动物采食调控的肠-脑轴机制研究进展,为养殖生产中提高畜禽采食量提供参考。

Feeding is the prerequisite for animals to obtain nutrients to maintain their growth and development and to play their production performance.Animal appetite is regulated by the central nervous system,which reg⁃ulates animal feed intake through energy homeostasis or non⁃energy homeostasis mechanisms by sensing and in⁃tegrating different peripheral appetite signals.The gastrointestinal tract is not only a place where animals store,digest and absorb food from the outside world,but also a large number of appetite regulation signals(intestinal fullness,nutrients and hormones,bacteria and their metabolites,etc.).In this paper,we reviewed the central energy homeostatic and non⁃energy homeostatic integrated circuits of animal appetite and intestinal signal induc⁃tion,and summarized the research progress on the gut⁃brain axis mechanism of feeding regulation in animals,so as to provide reference for improving feed intake in livestock and poultry production.