基于组合赋权云模型的外墙瓷砖脱落因素分析

Analysis of shedding factors of exterior wall tiles based on combined weighting cloud model

高层建筑外保温饰面层瓷砖脱落已成常态,通过对西安市高层建筑外墙瓷砖脱落情况进行为期3个月的实地调查,掌握西安市外墙保温系统瓷砖脱落现状。为了降低高层建筑外保温系统瓷砖脱落事件发生频率,首先,根据实地调查数据确定外墙瓷砖脱落风险的影响因素,并建立了风险评估指标体系,其中包含4个一级指标以及21个二级指标;其次,根据现有数据以及相关资料构建事故成因结构图,通过图论法对构建的事故成因结构图的节点属性进行分析,筛选节点指标;最后,基于组合赋权法-云模型对筛选后的指标进行风险评价。结果表明:筛选后的12个指标中,粘结层的粘结性能,风压,冻融循环,高温、太阳辐射这4个指标对外保温系统饰面层瓷砖脱落影响最大。其中,6个指标处在一般风险等级,6个指标处在中度风险等级。

High-rise building external thermal insulation and surface decoration of ceramic tile loss has become the norm.Through a 3-month field investigation on tile-shedding of external walls of high-rise buildings in Xi'an,the cur rent situation of tile shedding of external wall insulation system in Xi'an was grasped.In order to reduce the frequency of tile shedding of external insulation system of high-rise buildings,firstly,based on field survey data to determine the influence factors of exterior wall tiles off risk,and risk evaluation index system is established,which contains 4 firstlevel indicators and 21 secondary indicators;secondly,build the accident cause structure according to the existing data and related information,through the graph theory method for the construction of the accident causes chart analysis,the node properties filter node indicator;Finally,the risk evaluation of the screened indicators was carried out based on the combination of weighting method and cloud model.Results show that among the 12 screened indicators,the four indicators of bonding performance,wind pressure,freeze-thaw cycle,and high temperature and solar radiation have the greatest influence on the tile shedding of the exterior insulation system finish layer.Among them,6 indicators are in the general risk level,and 6 indicators are in the moderate risk level.