辽西半干旱区典型城市土壤质量评价

Soil quality evaluation of typical cities in semi-arid area of western Liaoning Province

为了探究城市不同土壤分类对城市土壤质量的影响,选取辽宁省阜新市8种不同类别的土壤,分别为公园绿地重塑土(Ⅰ)、校园林下重塑土(Ⅱ)、居住区绿地重塑土(Ⅲ)、河道水域冲刷土(Ⅳ)、近郊农地重塑土(Ⅴ)、工业用地重塑土(Ⅵ)、郊区林下原生土(Ⅶ)、交通绿化带重塑土(Ⅷ)为研究对象,对其0-30 cm土层进行土壤质量综合评价。结果表明:(1)阜新市土壤容重在1.23-1.44 g·cm^(−3)之间,公园绿地重塑土的土壤容重最小;土壤毛管孔隙度表现为Ⅰ(42.39%)>Ⅷ(42.05%)>Ⅲ(41.32%)>Ⅱ(39.04%)>Ⅵ(37.93%)>Ⅴ(37.15%)>Ⅳ(37.05%)>Ⅶ(33.77%);土壤含水率在9.20%-17.28%之间。(2)不同类型城市土壤有机质含量为:Ⅰ>Ⅱ>Ⅲ>Ⅳ>Ⅷ>Ⅶ>Ⅴ>Ⅵ。全氮含量在3.73-11.23 g·kg^(–1)之间;有效磷含量在0.29-2.24 mg·kg^(–1)之间;速效钾含量在2.41-15.88 mg·kg^(–1)之间。(3)筛选10个指标评价辽西半干旱区典型城市土壤质量,土壤综合质量表现为:Ⅰ>Ⅲ>Ⅱ>Ⅷ、Ⅳ>Ⅶ>Ⅴ>Ⅵ,公园绿地重塑土土壤综合质量最佳。研究结果可为土地的持续利用和区域农业发展提供依据。

In order to explore the influence of different soil classification on urban soil quality,8 different types of soil in Fuxin City,Liaoning Province were selected:park green land remolded soil(I),campus forest remolded soil(II),residential green land remolded soil(III),river water erosion soil(IV),suburban agricultural land remolded soil(V),industrial land remolded soil(VI),suburban forest native soil(VII),traffic green belt remolded soil(VIII).The soil quality of 0-30 cm soil layer was evaluated.The results showed that:(1)the soil bulk density of Fuxin City ranged from 1.23-1.44 g·cm^(−3),and the remolded soil of park green space had the smallest soil bulk density.The porosity of soil capillary was as follows:Ⅰ(42.39%)>Ⅷ(42.05%)>Ⅲ(41.32%)>Ⅱ(39.04%)>Ⅵ(37.93%)>(37.15%)>Ⅳ(37.05%)>Ⅶ(33.77%).The soil moisture content ranged from 9.20%-17.28%.(2)The contents of soil organic matter in different types of cities were:Ⅰ>Ⅱ>Ⅲ>Ⅳ>Ⅷ>Ⅶ>Ⅰ>Ⅵ.The total nitrogen content ranged from 3.73-11.23 g·kg^(–1).The content of available phosphorus ranged from 0.29 mg·kg^(–1)to 2.24 mg·kg^(–1),and the content of available potassium ranged from 2.41 mg·kg^(–1)to15.88 mg·kg^(–1).(3)Ten indexes were selected to evaluate the soil quality of typical cities in the semi-arid area of western Liaoning Province.The comprehensive quality of soil was as follows:I>III>I>VIII,IV>VII>V>VI.The comprehensive quality of remolded soil in park green space was the best.It provides the basis for the sustainable development of regional agriculture.