湛江5个园林树种夏季微气候研究

Study on microclimate around 5 garden tree species in summer in Zhanjiang

为研究不同园林树种夏季微气候特征,选择广东省湛江市5个园林树种:细叶榕、非洲桃花心木、人面子、大花紫薇、榄仁为研究对象,通过对其空气温度和相对湿度进行观测和对比分析,得出不同园林树种在夏季降温、增湿方面的作用差异,并比较了5个园林树种对人体舒适度的影响。结果表明:不同园林树种的降温、增湿作用差异显著,降温率排序为细叶榕>人面子>非洲桃花心木>大花紫薇>榄仁,增湿率排序为细叶榕>人面子≈非洲桃花心木>大花紫薇>榄仁,降低不舒适作用效果与降温和增湿的变化较为一致。并且相比草坪,乔木更能在炎热的夏季减少人的不适感。该研究可为热带及亚热带地区园林绿化树种应用选择、景观设计提供一定参考和理论指导。

In order to study the microclimate around of garden tree species in summer,we chose 5 garden trees including Ficus macrocarpa,Khaya senegalensis,Dracontomelon duperreanum,Lagerstroemia speciosa,Terminlia catappa as the research object in Zhanjiang,Guangdong Province.Through the observation and comparative analysis of air temperature and relative humidity,the differences in summer cooling and humidification of different garden tree species were obtained.And the discomfort index(DI)was introduced to evaluate the effects of different garden trees on human body’s comfortable degree.The results indicated that the cooling and humidification effects of different garden trees were significantly different.The order of cooling rate was Ficus macrocarpa>Dracontomelon duperreanum>Khaya senegalensis>Lagerstroemia speciosa>Terminlia catappa.The order of humidification rate was Ficus macrocarpa>Dracontomelon duperreanum≈Khaya senegalensis>Lagerstroemia speciosa>Terminlia catappa.The effect of reducing discomfort was also consistent with changes in cooling and humidification.Compared with lawn,trees could reduce people's discomfort in the hot summer.The research could provide certain reference and theoretical guidance for the application selection and landscape design of landscaping tree species in tropical and subtropical regions.