MOA框架下建筑工人不安全行为扩散影响因素研究——基于系统动力学方法

Research on influencing factors of unsafe behavior diffusion of construction workers under MOA framework:based on system dynamics method

为探索建筑工人不安全行为扩散影响因素的动态作用机理,通过整理相关文献,基于MOA理论“动机-机会-能力”影响框架,运用系统动力学方法,构建更贴合实际的系统动力学仿真模型,研究各因素对建筑工人不安全行为扩散的影响规律。研究结果表明:动机、机会水平的降低、能力水平的提高对不安全行为扩散行为有显著的抑制作用,其中,受控动机、环境压力、工作尽责对不安全行为扩散的影响分别相较于自主动机、联结强度、安全素质更为显著;综合控制动机、机会、能力三维度因素相较于单独控制上述3个因素,对不安全行为扩散的抑制更有效。研究结果可为建筑施工企业根据实际情境,综合把控建筑工人不安全行为扩散因素,进而提高安全管理工作效率提供一定参考。

In order to explore the dynamic action mechanism of the factors influencing the unsafe behavior diffusion of construction workers,the influence framework of“motivation opportunity capability”(MOA)on the unsafe behavior diffusion of workers was constructed by reviewing the related literatures,and a more practical system dynamics simulation model was established by using the system dynamics method.The results show that the increase of motivation,opportunity and ability has obvious inhibition effect on the unsafe behavior diffusion,among which,the influence of controlled motivation,environmental pressure and work conscientiousness is more significant than that of autonomous motivation,connection strength and safety quality,respectively.The comprehensive control and reduction of the three-dimensional factors of motivation,opportunity and ability can effectively inhibit the level of unsafe behavior diffusion.The research results can provide reference for construction enterprises to comprehensively control the diffusion factors of unsafe behavior among construction workers based on actual situations,improve safety management efficiency,and reduce the probability of production accidents.