马克思劳动范式:古希腊传统的颠覆式发展

Marx's Labor Paradigm:the Disruptive Development of Ancient Greek Tradition

人的活动的“三块模板”之分类的古希腊传统,成为后世西方实践哲学“辗转腾挪”的根底。自古希腊至十九世纪,哲学史上的劳动范式经历了一个被排斥在正统视野之外到成为核心题域的渐次呈现进路。劳动范式的古希腊传统的虚幻性和“定向”排他性特质鲜明:对劳动者漠视和排斥。马克思敏锐精准地捕捉了时代劳动主题,对古希腊传统的劳动与实践地位进行了颠覆式发展,对资本主义市民社会的劳动“附魅”进行了澄明与超越,使劳动首次成为目的在己的活动,实现了劳动范式的哲学史上的伟大革命,充分体现出一种对劳动者的本体性、终极性深情关怀。

The classification of the“three templates”of human activities in ancient Greek tradition has become the foundation of the“twists and turns”of later western practical philosophy.From ancient Greece to the 19th century,the labor paradigm in the history of philosophy underwent a gradual approach from being excluded from the orthodox perspective to becoming a core topic.The illusory and“directional”exclusionary characteristics of the ancient Greek tradition of labor paradigm are distinct:indifference and exclusion towards workers.Marx keenly and accurately captured the theme of labor in the era,subverted the traditional labor and practical status of ancient Greece,clarified and surpassed the“enchantment”of labor in capitalist civil society,made labor a purposeful activity for the first time,achieved a great revolution in the philosophical history of the labor paradigm,and fully reflected a deep concern for the ontology and ultimate nature of labor.