健康行为改变整合理论在老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者中的应用

The Integrated Theory of Health Behavior Change in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

目的探讨健康行为改变整合理论对老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者吸入用药依从性的影响。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2021年7—12月首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院呼吸科门诊就诊的117例老年COPD患者,按照随机数字表法将分为试验组和对照组,随访脱落7例,最终共纳入研究对象110例,其中试验组和对照组各55例。对照组采用常规健康教育方法,试验组采用基于健康行为改变整合理论的老年COPD患者吸入用药依从性干预方案,比较两组干预前及干预3个月后的吸入装置使用正确性、吸入用药依从性、第一秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)和COPD评估测试(CAT)评分。结果干预3个月后,试验组的吸入装置使用正确性、吸入用药依从性均高于对照组,CAT评分低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组FEV1水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论基于健康行为改变整合理论的老年COPD患者吸入用药依从性干预方案能提高老年COPD患者的吸入用药依从性,并改善其生活质量。

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of inhaled medication compliance intervention in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)based on integrated theory of health behavior change.MethodsA total of 117 elderly COPD patients who visited Respiratory Department of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from July to December 2021 were selected by the convenient sampling method.According to the random number table method,they were divided into the experimental group and the control group.7 cases fell off during follow-up,and a total of 110 cases were finally included in the study,of which 55 cases were in the experimental group and 55 cases in the control group.The control group adopted the conventional health education method,while the experimental group adopted the intervention plan of inhalation medication compliance of elderly COPD patients based on the integrated theory of health behavior change.The accuracy of inhalation device use,inhalant medication compliance,forced expiratory volume in the first second(FEV1)and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases Assessment Test(CAT)scores were compared between the two groups before intervention and 3 months after intervention.ResultsAfter 3 months of intervention,the inhalation device use accuracy,inhalation medication compliance in experimental group were higher than those in the control group,the score of CAT in experimental group was lower than that in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in FEV1 between two groups(P>0.05).ConclusionsThe intervention plan for inhalation medication compliance in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease based on the integrated theory of health behavior changes can improve their inhalation medication compliance and improve their quality of life.