从小城镇到特色小城镇:中央—地方与区域视角下的政策设计与量化评价

From small town to characteristic town in China:Policy design and quantitative evaluation in central-local and regional perspectives

特色小镇发展战略被认为是推动我国新型城镇化和乡村振兴的重要探索之一,而能否科学地因镇施策关系到特色小镇的兴衰成败。为深刻理解特色小镇在我国城镇化进程中的功能定位,从我国小城镇发展的顶层设计入手,综合中央—地方与区域视角构建“时间—空间—功能—类别”的多维度政策分析框架,以文本挖掘和政策建模一致性指数模型工具客观地评价中国特色小镇政策文本一致性水平及其影响因素。研究发现,随着特色小镇的深入建设,特色小镇政策的一致性水平取得较大提高,且不同类型和不同层级的特色小镇政策文本内容既有一致性也有差异性。此外,未来应从政策性质、政策保障、政策对象和激励措施等影响特色小镇政策一致性水平的关键因素入手,更加精细化、差异化地优化特色小镇政策制定。

The development strategy of characteristic towns is considered to be an important exploration to promote new-type urbanization and rural revitalization in China,and whether it can be scientifically implemented will affect the success or failure of characteristic towns.Starting from the top-level design of small-town development in China,this paper constructs a multi-dimensional policy analysis framework of "time-space-function-category" from the central-local and regional perspectives,and objectively evaluates the level of policy text consistency and its influencing factors in China's characteristic towns with the tools of text mining and policy modeling consistency index model.The research show that the level of policy consistency of characteristic towns achieves greater improvement with its in-depth construction,but there are still differences under different categories and different levels.In addition,the policy nature,policy guarantee,policy object and incentive measures are the keys to influence the policy consistency level of characteristic town policies.Finally,optimization suggestions are provided for a more refined and differentiated policy formulation of characteristic towns.