不同气候条件对育肥猪生长性能、血清免疫指标及养分消化率的影响

Effects of different climatic conditions on growth performance,serum immune indicators,and nutrient digestibility of fattening pigs

为研究不同气候条件对育肥猪生长性能、血清免疫指标及养分消化率的影响,试验将72头初始体重相近的育肥猪随机分为3组,每组4个重复,每个重复6头。3组育肥猪均饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,且分别在不同气候条件下饲养(低温低湿、适温适湿、高温高湿),试验为期42 d。结果显示:(1)适温适湿组育肥猪末重、平均日增重显著高于高温高湿组(P<0.05),低温低湿组、适温适湿组育肥猪平均日采食量显著高于高温高湿组(P<0.05),适温适湿组育肥猪料重比显著低于低温低湿组、高温高湿组(P<0.05)。(2)适温适湿组育肥猪血清中IgA、IgG含量显著高于低温低湿组、高温高湿组(P<0.05),适温适湿组育肥猪血清中C4含量显著高于高温高湿组(P<0.05)。(3)适温适湿组总能消化率显著高于高温高湿组(P<0.05),适温适湿组粗蛋白质、粗脂肪消化率显著高于低温低湿组、高温高湿组(P<0.05)。结论:当适温适湿(12~23℃、54%)时,育肥猪的生长性能和养分消化率得到提高,且改善了育肥猪的血清免疫指标。

To study the effects of different climatic conditions on the growth performance,serum immune indicators,and nutrient digestibility of fattening pigs,72 fattening pigs with similar initial weight were selected for the experiment and randomly divided into 3 groups,with 4 replicates in each group,with 6 pigs in each replicate.All three groups of fattening pigs were fed a corn soybean meal based diet and were raised under different climatic conditions(low temperature and low humidity,suitable temperature and humidity,high temperature and high humidity)for a period of 42 days.The results showed that:(1)(1)The end weight and average daily gain of finishing pigs in the temperature and humidity group were significantly higher than those in the high temperature and humidity group(P<0.05),and the average daily feed intake of finishing pigs in the low temperature and humidity group and temperature and humidity group was significantly higher than that in the high temperature and humidity group(P<0.05).The feed weight ratio of finishing pigs in the temperature and humidity group was significantly lower than that in the low temperature and humidity group and high temperature and humidity group(P<0.05).(2)The serum levels of IgA and IgG in the moderate temperature and humidity group were significantly higher than those in the low temperature and low humidity group and the high temperature and high humidity group(P<0.05),while the serum C4 content in the moderate temperature and humidity group was significantly higher than that in the high temperature and high humidity group(P<0.05).(3)The total energy digestibility of the moderate temperature and humidity group was significantly higher than that of the high temperature and humidity group(P<0.05),and the digestibility of crude protein and crude fat in the moderate temperature and humidity group was significantly higher than that of the low temperature and low humidity group and the high temperature and high humidity group(P<0.05).Conclusion:When the temperature and humidity are suitable(12-23℃,54%),the growth performance and nutrient digestibility of finishing pigs are improved,and the serum immune indicators of finishing pigs are also improved.