多技术交叉融合的拟建机场测量方法研究

Research on multi-technology integrated measurement method for proposed airports

传统全野外数字化测图进行遮蔽角测量,存在制图周期长、工作量大,且无法满足拟建机场遮蔽角测量需求。本文以某民用机场初步设计勘查项目为例,将无人机倾斜摄影测量、超站仪无控制点测量和基于EPS三维测图系统等多技术交叉融合运用,结合优化后的内业分析工具和外业调查模式构建了一套适用于新建机场拟建导航台的场地环境调查测绘的方法,同时对各测量环节的成果精度进行了验证。结果表明:(1)无人机倾斜摄影测量技术获得三维模型精度满足地形测量精度要求;(2)多种技术交叉融合的方式不仅保证了勘查成果的质量,而且有效提高了工作效率;(3)优化后的内业数据处理和外业调查模式省时省力。本文采用的多种技术交叉融合方法,测定的障碍物遮蔽角成果可靠性高,可作为障碍物的限制高度评估、较大障碍物及时拆除和机场正式建设的基础数据。

Traditional full-field digital mapping for shading angle measurement in site surveying involves long mapping cycles,high workload,and fail to meet the requirements of shading angle measurement for the proposed airports.This paper presents a method applied to the site environment surveying and mapping for the construction of new airport navigation aids,using a combination of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)oblique photogrammetry,total station measurements without control points,and the EPS-based 3D mapping system.The method is supported by optimized in-house analysis tools and field investigation strategies.The accuracy of the results obtained in each measurement phase is also validated.The findings are as follows:①The UAV oblique photogrammetry technology achieves three-dimensional model accuracy that meets the accuracy requirements of terrain measurement precision;②The integration of multiple technologies ensures the quality of the surveying results and improves work efficiency significantly;③The optimized in-house data processing and field investigation strategies save time and effort.The practical application demonstrates that the results of obstacle shielding angle measured in this study are highly reliable,providing fundamental data for evaluating the height restriction of obstructions,timely removal of large obstacles,and formal construction of the airport.The multi-technology integrated approach employed in this study shows promising potential for wider application in airport preliminary design surveys,airport expansion,and station reselection.