高超声速飞行器数据链关键技术分析及展望

Analysis and Prospect of Key Technologies for Hypersonic Vehicle Data Link

数据链技术随着武器装备、作战理念及通信技术的发展而不断更新换代,在“无链不成导”“无导不成战”的空中作战趋势下占有重要地位。高超声速飞行器独有的高速、跨域等特点使得其成为空战体系中的制高点。数据链技术为高超声速飞行器作战效能最大化提供技术保障,反过来高超声速飞行器的发展也拓宽了数据链技术的边界,在不同的作战任务中对数据链指标参数的要求(传输速率、吞吐量、丢包率、延时等)不尽相同。近年来,5G、物联网、云计算、人工智能等新兴技术的飞速发展加速了战场态势感知形式从物理域、信息域向认知域的变革。本文简要回顾了美军数据链技术的发展特点,详细分析了高超声速飞行器由大包线飞行特性引发的数据链技术设计挑战,探讨了高超声速飞行器数据链的顶层需求及关键技术。

With the development of weapons equipment,operational concepts,and communication technology,data link technology is updated constantly.Data link plays an important role in the trend of"no link,no missile"no missile,no war"in air combat.Hypersonic vehicles have become the commanding heights in the air combat system due to their unique characteristics,such as high speed and cross-domain.Data link technology provides support for maximizing the operational effectiveness of hypersonic vehicles.Conversely,the development of hypersonic vehicles broadened the boundaries of data link technology,and the requirements for index parameters(such as transmission rate,throughput,packet loss rate,and delay)vary in different combat missions.In recent years,the rapid development of emerging technologies such as 5G,the Internet of Things,cloud computing,and artificial intelligence has accelerated the continuous advancement of battlefield situational awareness from physical domains,and information domains to cognitive domains.Based on a review of the development of data links,this paper analyzes the challenges faced by hypersonic aircraft data links,which have the characteristics of large envelope flight.This paper discusses the top-level requirements and key technologies of the hypersonic vehicle data link.