王阳明心学理论最高点之“万物一体”思想

The Thought of“All in One”:the Highest Point of Wang Yangming’s Mind Study Theory

王阳明心学三大核心命题之“心即理”“知行合一”“致良知”清晰呈现于其“万物一体”思想中,是该思想形成的内在理路;与此同时,王阳明终其一生践行的“内圣外王”之道也是“万物一体”思想的显化。“内圣”与该思想所追求的个人与宇宙相统一的精神境界相契合,“外王”则体现出在此精神境界指导下的入世实践,从而实现了从境界论向现世价值的转化。不论从心学理论构架还是从阳明现实人生实践来讲,“万物一体”思想如筋骨般贯穿王阳明的一生,是其理论体系的最高点。

Clearly presented in Wang Yangming’s thought of“all in one”,the three core propositions of his Mind Study,namely“heart-mind being the principle”,“unity of knowing and doing”and“the recuperation of conscience”,form the inner rationale for the formation of this thought.At the same time,Wang’s lifelong practice of“inner sage and outer king”is also the manifestation of the thought of“all in one”—“inner sage”is in line with the spiritual realm of unity between the individual and the universe pursued in this thought,while“outer king”reflects his social practice under the guidance of this spiritual realm,thus realizing the transformation from realm theory to secular values.In terms of both the theoretical framework of Mind Study and Wang’s real-life practice,the thought of“all in one”runs through the whole of Wang Yangming’s life as an important part and is the highest point of his theoretical system.