高速铁路广义运营效益评价研究

Assessment of Wider Benefits of High-Speed Rail in Operation Period

近年来,高铁发展是否经济的问题受到广泛关注,仅采用费用效益分析的高铁运营效益评价无法全面衡量其产生的广泛影响及效益。基于对中国国家铁路集团有限公司、中国铁路设计集团有限公司等单位的调研,结合文献研究与德尔菲法,界定了高铁广义效益的内涵和机理,从经济、环境、社会三个维度构建了更加符合当前社会经济发展目标的高铁运营效益评价框架。同时,以京沪高铁为例,结合专家赋权法和熵权法进行综合赋权和评价,验证了该框架的有效性和实用性。评价结果表明,京沪高铁具有良好的广义运营效益,并呈逐年上升趋势,但其经济效益、环境效益和社会效益的变化趋势并不相同。

In recent years,the question of whether the development of high-speed rail is economic has drawn wide attention.The evaluation of the operation benefits of high-speed rail only based on cost-benefit analysis is unable to comprehensively measure its wider impacts and benefits.Based on the research of units such as China State Railway Group and China Railway Design Corporation,combined with the literature research and Delphi methods,the connotation and mechanism of the wider benefits of high-speed rail are defined,and the evaluation framework of the wider benefits of highspeed rail is constructed from the three dimensions of economy,society,and environment,which is more in line with the current goals of social and economic development.Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway is taken as an example,the experts'weight and entropy weight methods are combined to carry out comprehensive weighting and evaluation,and the effectiveness and practicability of the framework are verified.The evaluation results show that Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway has good and broad operation benefits,with a rising trend year by year,but the change trends of its economic,environmental and social benefits are not the same.