医务工作者职业紧张状况及其对心理健康的影响研究

Study on Occupational Stress of Medical Workers and Its Influence on Mental Health

目的 探讨医务工作者的职业紧张状况及其对心理健康的影响。方法 采取分层整群抽样法对山东省内三级、二级综合医院和专科医院的医务工作者1508人进行横断面调查,包括人员基本情况调查,医务人员工作付出—回报失衡调查、抑郁量表(PHQ-9)调查和个人行为健康调查。分析医务人员职业紧张在工龄、岗位等方面的差异。结果 医务工作者的职业紧张检出率为33.2%,有抑郁倾向的占84.5%。体育锻炼较少、吸烟、周平均工作时间、岗位、工龄、医院等级是影响职业紧张的相关因素(p<0.05)。职业紧张是导致医务工作者抑郁症状的重要因素,职业紧张程度越高,抑郁症状越明显。结论 较长工龄、周均工作时间、轮班并有夜班的医务工作者是重点关注人群,应加强医务工作者的工时、轮班管理。

Objective To investigate the occupational stress of medical workers and its influence on their mental health.Methods Stratified cluster sampling method was used to conduct a cross-sectional survey on 1508 medical workers from tertiary,secondary general hospitals and specialized hospitals in Shandong province.The survey included basic information,effortreward imbalance survey,PHQ-9 survey and personal behavior health survey.The differences of occupational stress among medical workers in terms of length of service and position were analyzed.Results The detection rate of occupational stress in medical workers was 33.2%,and 84.5%of them had depression tendency.Less physical exercise,smoking,average weekly working hours,position,length of service,and hospital grade were related factors for occupational stress(p<0.05).Occupational stress is an important factor leading to depressive symptoms in medical workers.The higher the degree of occupational stress,the more significant the depressive symptoms.Conclusion Medical workers with long length of service,average weekly working hours,shift work and night shift are the focus population,and the management of working hours and shift work should be strengthened.