cBN-Fe磁性磨粒的制备工艺及性能

Preparation process and performances of cBN-Fe magnetic abrasive particles

针对现有烧结法制备的磁性磨粒中研磨相材料硬度较低,对硬度高、导磁性差的钛合金等工件的研磨效果差,且硬度最高的金刚石材料无法作为研磨相用烧结法来制备磁性磨粒的问题,以Fe粉为基体,cBN粉末为研磨相,烧结制备cBN-Fe磁性磨粒;以Ti-6A1-4V(TC4)板为研磨对象,用控制变量法探究烧结法制备的cBN-Fe磁性磨粒中烧结时间、升温速度、原料配比对其研磨性能的影响,确定其最佳的制备工艺参数;并以45^(#)钢和202不锈钢为研磨工件,比较cBN-Fe与烧结法制备的Al_(2)O_(3)-Fe、Si C-Fe 3种磁性磨粒研磨前后工件的表面粗糙度、表面形貌,探究不同磁性磨粒的研磨性能和使用寿命。结果表明:当Fe粉与cBN粉的质量比为3∶1,烧结温度为1 150℃,烧结时间为6 h,保温时间为2 h,升温速度为3.19℃/min时,制备的cBN-Fe磁性磨粒研磨性能最佳,优于烧结法制备的Al_(2)O_(3)-Fe、Si C-Fe磁性磨粒的,且其使用寿命分别是Al_(2)O_(3)-Fe磁性磨粒和Si C-Fe磁性磨粒的1.6倍和1.3倍。

In order to solve the problems of low hardness in the grinding phase material of magnetic abrasive particles prepared by the existing sintering method,the grinding effects on high-hardness and poor magnetic conductivity materials,such as titanium alloys,were found to be poor.Additionally,the hardest diamond material could not be used as the grinding phase to prepare magnetic abrasive particles by the sintering method.In this study,the cBN-Fe magnetic abrasive particles were prepared by sintering with Fe powder as the matrix and cBN powder as the grinding phase.The study focused on using Ti-6A1-4V(TC4)plates as the grinding objects,and the effects of sintering time,heating rate and raw material ratio on the grinding performances of cBN-Fe magnetic abrasive particles were explored using a control variable method.The aim was to determine the optimal preparation process parameters of cBN-Fe magnetic abrasive particles.Taking 45^(#)steel and 202 stainless steel as grinding workpieces,the performance of cBN-Fe magnetic abrasive particles were compared with that of Al_(2)O_(3)-Fe and SiC-Fe magnetic abrasive particles,both prepared by the sintering method.The surface roughness and morphology of the workpieces before and after grinding with three kinds of magnetic abrasive particles were compared.Moreover,the grinding performance and service life of different magnetic abrasive particles were investigated.The results show that the best grinding performances for cBN-Fe magnetic abrasive particles was achieved when using a mass ratio of Fe powder to cBN powder of 3∶1,a sintering temperature of 1150℃,a sintering time of 6 h,a holding time of 2 h and a heating rate of 3.19℃/min.Furthermore,it is found that the grinding performance of cBN-Fe magnetic abrasive particles is better than that of Al_(2)O_(3)-Fe and SiC-Fe magnetic abrasive particles prepared by sintering.The service life of cBN-Fe magnetic abrasive particles is 1.6 times and 1.3 times longer than that of Al_(2)O_(3)-Fe and SiC-Fe magnetic abrasive particles,respectively.