科技创新支撑“双碳”目标的效果分析

Analysis of the Effectiveness of Scientific and Technological Innovation Supporting the“Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality”Goal

科技创新是驱动经济发展和实现“双碳”目标的关键,如何测度和评价科技创新对“双碳”的支撑作用,是亟待解决的问题。文章通过理论分析构建了包含供给侧、需求侧和治理侧的科技创新支撑“双碳”目标实现的评价指标体系,包含了低碳循环发展经济体系、能源结构转型升级、绿色低碳技术开发推广、绿色低碳生活方式、绿色城乡一体化和生态碳汇能力6个一级指标。通过研究发现,科技创新能够显著支撑“双碳”,并且供给侧效果好于需求侧,治理侧仍有较大提升空间;科技创新支撑“双碳”在时间维度上稳步上升;在空间维度上存在地理分异特征。

Scientific and technological innovation is the key factor to sustain economic development and achieve the goal of“carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”,how to measure and evaluate the supporting role of scientific and technological innovation to“carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”has become an urgent problem to be solved.The article through theoretical analysis,the evaluation index system is constructed to measure the effectiveness of scientific and technological innovation in supporting the“carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”goal,the index system includes the supply side,demand side and governance measurement to support the realization of the“carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”goal,including six first-level indicators:low-carbon and circular economic system development,energy structure transformation and upgrading,green and low-carbon technology development and promotion,green and low-carbon lifestyle,green urban-rural integration and ecological carbon sink capacity.It is found that scientific and technological innovation can significantly support“carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”,and the effect on the supply side is better than that on the demand side,and there is still more room for improvement in the governance measurement,and the support of“carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”by scientific and technological innovation is steadily increasing in the time dimension,and there is geographical differentiation in China.