高铁对城市经济影响的集聚效应和网络效应

The agglomeration and network effect of high-speed rail on urban economy

基于2004年—2019年全国高铁网络数据和全国288个地级市数据,本文构建以购买力衡量的集聚效应指数和以Zipf法则的网络效应指数,采用系统GMM回归方法来实证分析高铁对城市经济影响的集聚效应和网络效应。实证研究发现:(1)在全国高铁网络的连接下,城市之间的相互影响不仅局限于集聚效应,也存在网络效应;(2)集聚效应在12小时高铁通勤圈内始终显著存在;但网络效应有距离限制,随着通勤时间衡量的高铁城市圈的扩大先加强后衰减,以3小时高铁城市圈的影响最为明显。该实证结果揭示了以高铁串联的城市网络中集聚效应和网络效应的大小及其相互关系。

Based on the data of national high-speed rail network and 288 prefecture-level cities in China from 2004 to 2019,this paper constructs the agglomeration effect index measured by affordability and the network effect index based on the Zipf rule,and uses the GMM regression to analyze the agglomeration and network effect of high-speed rail on urban economy.The study find that:(1)Under the connection of the national high-speed rail network,the interaction between cities is not only limited to the agglomeration effect,but also has network effect.(2)The agglomeration effect is always significant in the 12-hour high-speed rail commuting circle.However,with the expansion of the high-speed rail urban circle measured by commuting time,the network effects first strengthens and then attenuates because of the distance limitations,with the 3-hour high-speed rail urban circle having the most obvious impact.The empirical results reveal the magnitude and correlation between agglomeration effect and network effect in urban networks connected by high-speed rail.