早期运动训练对重症肺炎患者并发症风险及预后的影响

Effect of early exercise training on the risk of complications and prognosis in patients with severe pneumonia

目的探讨早期运动训练对重症肺炎患者并发症风险及预后的影响。方法选取南通大学附属南通第三医院2020年6月~2022年6月收治的重症肺炎患者100例,随机数表法分为两组,对照组(n=50)采用常规临床干预,观察组(n=50)在对照组基础上进行早期运动训练。对比两组肺功能指标、临床指标、生活质量、并发症及预后情况。结果干预前,两组患者第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)、FEV1∕FVC、FEV1占预计值的百分比(FEV1∕Pred)对比差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后,观察组上述指标水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组机械通气时间、重症监护病房(ICU)住院时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。6 min步行距离(6MWD)长于对照组,简明健康生活质量量表(SF-36)总分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);经过随访,两组均无死亡病例,观察组再入院率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在重症肺炎患者中采取早期运动训练能够促进肺功能的恢复,改善生活质量及预后情况,降低并发症的发生率。

Objective To explore the effect of early exercise training on the risk of complications and prognosis in patients with severe pneumonia.Methods 100 patients with severe pneumonia admitted in our hospital from June 2020 to June 2022 were randomly divided into two groups.The control group(50 patients)received routine clinical intervention,and the study group(50 patients)received early exercise training on the basis of the control group.The lung function indicators,clinical indicators,quality of life,complications and prognosis of the two groups were compared.Results There was no significant difference in forced expiratory volume(FEV1),forced vital capacity(FVC),FEV1∕FVC,and FEV1∕Pred before intervention between the two groups(P>0.05).After intervention,the levels of the above indicators in the study group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The duration of mechanical ventilation and hospitalization in intensive care unit(ICU)in the study group was shorter than that in the control group(P<0.05).The 6-minute walking distance(6MWD)was longer than that in the control group,and the total score of SF-36 in the study group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of complications in the study group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).After follow-up,there was no death in both groups,and the readmission rate in the study group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Early exercise training in patients with severe pneumonia can promote the recovery of pulmonary function,improve the quality of life and prognosis,and reduce the incidence of complications.