持续气道正压通气治疗对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者的临床价值

Clinical Value of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure(CPAP) in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome

目的:研究持续气道正压通气治疗对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者的临床价值。方法:选取2019年8月至2022年8月泉州市第一医院呼吸与危重症医学科收治的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者108例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组54例。对照组给予常规保守性治疗,观察组给予持续气道正压通气治疗。采用蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MOCA)评估2组患者的认知情况,采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)表评估睡眠情况,对患者进行多导睡眠监测(PSG),并比较2组患者机体状态及并发症情况。结果:治疗后,2组MOCA评分均有所上升,且观察组MOCA评分显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);治疗后,观察组PSQI评分显著低于对照组,观察组睡眠效率、夜间最低脉氧(LSaO_(2))指标高于对照组,睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数、睡眠潜伏期、LSaO_(2)低于90%的总时间/总睡眠检测时间指标均低于对照组,观察组慢性咳嗽、性欲下降、抑郁症、呼吸困难等不良反应发生率显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:采用持续气道正压通气治疗能有效改善OSAHS患者认知功能及睡眠质量,提高患者的睡眠效率,降低患者不良反应发生率,值得临床推广使用。

Objective:To study the clinical value of continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP)in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).Methods:A total of 108 patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome admitted to the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Quanzhou First Hospital from August 2019 to August 2022 were selected as research objects,and were divided into observation group and control group according to the random number table method,with 54 patients in each group.The control group was given conventional conservative treatment,and the observation group was given continuous positive airway pressure.Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MOCA)was used to assess the cognitive status of patients between 2 groups,and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)scale was used to assess the sleep status.The patients were monitored by Polysomnography(PSG),and the body status and complications of the 2 groups were compared as well.Results:After treatment,the MOCA score of the 2 groups both increased,and the MOCA score of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group,the difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant(Ps<0.05).After treatment,PSQI score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group,sleep efficiency and Lowest Oxygen Saturation(LSaO_(2))indexes of observation group were higher than those of the control group,Sleep apnea hypopnea index,sleep latency,total time of LSaO_(2) less than 90%/total sleep detection time were lower than the control group,and the incidence of chronic cough,decreased sexual desire,depression,dyspnea and other adverse reactions in the observation group was significantly lower than the control group,the difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant(Ps<0.05).Conclusion:Continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP)therapy can effectively improve cognitive function and sleep quality,improve sleep efficiency and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions in patients with OSAHS,which is worthy of clinical promotion and use.