基于主成分和隶属度函数分析评价不同混播比例的燕麦和豌豆混合青贮的发酵品质

Evaluation of the fermentation quality of oat and pea mixed silage with different mixing proportion based on principal component analysis and membership function analysis

本试验旨在研究不同混播比例对燕麦和豌豆混合青贮营养成分和发酵品质的影响,为其生产应用提供理论依据。以燕麦和豌豆为试验对象,按照不同混播比例设置3个处理组,分别为燕麦+豌豆混播比例5:5(O5P5组)、燕麦+豌豆混播比例7:3(O7P3组)、燕麦+豌豆混播比例8:2(O8P2组),同时在各组中加入16%青稞秸秆,调制成青贮饲料,青贮30 d后测定青贮的营养成分和发酵指标。结果表明:(1)O5P5组和O7P3组的干物质(DM)含量显著高于O8P2组(P<0.01),O5P5组的粗蛋白质(CP)含量比O7P3组和O8P2组分别高42.69%和28.87%(P<0.01);O5P5组和O8P2组的乳酸(LA)含量比O7P3组分别高21.33%和30.67%(P<0.05)。(2)根据主成分分析筛选了CP、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、水溶性碳水化物(WSC)、粗灰分(Ash)和LA 5项指标作为综合评价燕麦和豌豆混播青贮质量的代表性指标,结合隶属函数分析得出各组综合排名O5P5组>O8P2组>O7P3组。综上可知,燕麦和豌豆混播比例在5:5时,青贮品质较好。

This study was aimed to figure out the effects of different mixed seeding ratios of oat and pea on the nutritional composition and fermentation quality of mixed forage silage for providing basis to the production and application.Three different mixed seeding ratios of oats:peas were treated as 5:5(O5P5),7:3(O7P3),and 8:2(O8P2).All treatments were ensiled with 16%highland barley straw.The nutritional compositions and fermentation indexes of silage were determined at 30 d of ensiling.The results showed that:(1)The dry matter(DM)of O5P5 and O7P3 was significantly higher than that of O8P2(P<0.01);the crude protein(CP)of O5P5 was 42.69% and 28.87% higher than that of O7P3 and O8P2,respectively(P<0.01);the lactic acid(LA)of O5P5 and O8P2 was 21.33% and 30.67% higher than that in O7P3,respectively(P<0.05).(2)According to the principal component analysis,five indicators(CP,ADF,WSC,Ash and LA)were selected as the representative indicators for further comprehensive evaluation of the quality of oat and pea mixed silage.By using membership function analysis,the comprehensive rank of treatment was O5P5>O8P2>O7P3.In word,mixed seeding ratios of oats:peas at 5:5 showed better the silage quality.