元代中期的政治形势与权力斗争——以富民陈以忠的仕宦经历为视角

Political Conflicts in the Mid-Yuan Dynasty:Basedon ChenYi-zhong's Official Career

元代中期,富民群体通过“入粟补官”、封君保举等方式积极入仕。瑞州路富民陈以忠以保证银课数量、减轻百姓负担为诺,被太后授予从五品蒙山银场提举之职。到任后,他组织重修正德书院,结交地方儒士群体,通过吴澄等人的书院营建记对其求官经历进行粉饰;在炼银办课的过程中,他却横征暴敛,残害百姓。随着英宗对太后等贵族特权进行制约,陈以忠开始受到监察官员的弹劾,最终获罪罢官。陈以忠平步青云的背后是以答己太后为代表的蒙古位下(投下)贵族势力的膨胀,他颇具传奇色彩的仕宦经历为观察元代中期皇帝与太后、汉法派与蒙古保守势力之间的权力斗争提供了新的视角。

In the Mid-Yuan dynasty,rich people could engage in politics by donations or through nobles'recommending.CHEN Yi-zhong,a rich man from Ruizhou,became the leader of the silver office by promising to guarantee the silver production quantity.During his term of office,he reestablished Zhengde academy actively,associated with local Confucian group and shaped himself the image of gentleman.However,he extorted excessive taxes,resulting in the homelessness of local people,and was dismissed from office in the end.CHEN Yizhong got the position because of the power expansion of Mongolian conservative forces.The power conflicts not only between emperors and Empress Dowager Tagi but also between Confucian scholar officers and Mongolian conservative forces in mid-Yuan dynasty could be seen through CHEN's official experience.