双碳背景下基于主成分分析法的海洋渔业可持续发展研究

Research on Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries Based on PCA under the Background of Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality

受海洋渔业资源过度捕捞、海洋生态环境污染严重等多种因素影响,我国海洋渔业的可持续发展面临严峻挑战。在碳达峰碳中和目标下,文章基于主成分分析法建立了有关海洋渔业经济、社会及生态可持续发展3个子系统共15个指标的评价体系,在此基础上对2011—2020年我国海洋渔业的可持续发展水平作出总体评价。结果表明:近10年我国海洋渔业可持续发展水平总体趋好,但在双碳背景下仍需进一步加大海洋渔业科技创新投入、提高机械化水平、完善海洋渔业相关政策、大力培养相关从业人员、调整海洋渔业捕捞产量,同时积极推进海洋渔业生态文明建设,提高环境承载能力。

Affected by multiple factors such as overfishing of marine fishery resources and serious pollution of the marine ecological environment,the sustainable development of China’s marine fisheries is facing severe challenges.Aiming at carbon peak and carbon neutrality,this paper establishes an evaluation system based on PCA(principal component analysis)for the three subsystems with a total of 15 indicators related to the sustainable development of marine fisheries economy,society,and ecology,on the basis of which an overall evaluation is made on the sustainable development level of China’s marine fisheries from 2011 to 2020.The results indicate that the overall level of sustainable development of China’s marine fisheries has been improving in the past decade,but in the context of dualcarbon emissions,it is still necessary further to increase investment in scientific and technological innovation in terms of marine fisheries,to enhance mechanization levels,to improve policies related to marine fisheries,vigorously to cultivate relevant practitioners,to adjust fishing yields in marine fisheries,and,at the same time,to promote the construction of ecological civilization in marine fisheries so as to boost environmental carrying capacity.