2015-2022年四川省疑似职业病报告病例特征及诊断情况分析

Analysis of characteristics and diagnosis of reported cases of suspected occupational diseases in Sichuan Province from 2015 to 2022

目的 分析2015-2022年四川省网络报告疑似职业病病例分布特征及确诊情况,为规范职业卫生监测监管提供依据。方法 收集四川省2015-2022年在“中国疾病预防控制中心职业病及健康危害因素监测信息系统”报告的疑似职业病报告卡和2015年1月1日至2023年5月31日职业病报告卡、尘肺病报告卡,对疑似病例分布特点和确诊情况进行分析,采用SPSS 26.0软件进行统计分析,组间比较采用Pearsonχ^(2)检验,检验水准α=0.05。结果 2015-2022年四川省共报告疑似职业病28 002例,其中尘肺病23 194例(82.82%)、噪声聋3 568例(12.74%)和职业中毒995例(3.55%)。21个市(州)均有疑似职业病病例报告,病例数居前3位的是自贡(21.91%)、雅安(12.51%)和乐山(11.67%),行业类别以采矿业和制造业为主,截至2023年5月31日,6 410例确诊为职业病,确诊率22.89%。结论 四川省疑似职业病病例较多,确诊率较低,存在一定的职业健康风险隐患,应加强对重点地区、行业、人群以及主要病种的监测监管工作,并提升职业健康检查机构的工作质量。

Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics and diagnosis of online reported cases of suspected occupational diseases in Sichuan Province from 2015 to 2022,and to provide basis for regulating occupational health monitoring and supervision.Methods Suspected Occupational Disease Report Cards,Occupational Disease Report Cards and Pneumoconiosis Report Cards from January 1,2015 to May 31,2023 reported in the Occupational Disease and Health Hazards Monitoring Information System of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention from 2015to 2022 in Sichuan Province were collected.Distribution characteristics and diagnosis of suspectedcaseswere analyzed.SPSS 26.0 software was uused for statistical analysis,and Pearson χ^(2)test was usedfor comparison between groups.The test level wasα=0.05.Results From 2015 to 2022,a total of 28002 cases of suspected occupational diseases were reported in Sichuan Province,including 23194 cases of pneumoconiosi(82.82%),3568 cases of noise induced deafness(12.74%)and 995 cases of occupational poisoning(3.55%).All of the 21 cities/prefectures had reported suspected cases of occupational diseases,with Zigong City(21.91%),Ya'an City(12.51%)and Leshan City(11.67%)ranking the top three in terms of the number of cases.Industry categories were mainly mining and manufacturing.As of May 31,2023,a total of 6410 cases were confirmed as occupational diseases,with a confirmed rate of 22.89%.Conclusions There are many suspected cases of occupational diseases in Sichuan Province,with a low confirmed rate and certain occupational health risks.It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring and supervision of key regions,industries,populations and major diseases,and improve the quality of work of occupational health examination institutions.