2021-2022年乌鲁木齐市肺结核家庭密切接触者预防性治疗意愿的影响因素分析

Analysis of influencing factors of intention to preventive treatment among close contacts of families with pulmonary tuberculosis in Urumqi City from 2021 to 2022

目的 了解肺结核家庭密切接触者预防性治疗的接受意愿与其相关的影响因素,为逐步开展预防性治疗提供参考。方法 选取2021年6月至2022年5月乌鲁木齐市肺结核家庭密切接触者,对其开展个人防护措施、结核病知识、预防性治疗的相关认知与意愿等内容的问卷调查。使用SPSS 26.0软件进行数据整理与分析,单因素分析采用卡方检验,多因素采用Logistic回归分析,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 共调查218户435例家庭密切接触者,其中306例(70.3%)愿意接受预防性治疗,结核核心知识知晓率为76.0%。家庭年均收入高于12万、对预防性治疗持有作用有限及不确定态度,会降低其预防性治疗意愿;结核病知识知晓好、被医务人员告知为高危人群、被告知预防性治疗降低患病率以及认为预防性治疗可预防结核者,更有意愿进行治疗。结论 通过对家庭密切接触者预防性治疗意愿进行调查,发现对疾病的良好认识和医务人员的治疗推荐可有效预防结核的发生,为后续预防性治疗工作的开展提供参考。

Objective To understand the willingness of preventive treatment and its influencing factors among close household contacts of pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB)patients,and provide reference for gradually developing preventive treatment.Methods Close contacts in families with PTB in Urumqi City from June 2021 to May 2022 were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey on their personal protective measures,the knowledge of tuberculosis,and the related1cognition and willingness of preventivee treatment.Data collation and analysis were performed by SPSS 26.0 software,Chi-square testwas used for univariate analysis and logistic regression for multivariate analysis,and P<0.05 was consideredas statistically significant.Results A total of 435 close household contacts in 218 families were investigated,among which 306(70.3%)cases were willing to receive preventive treatment.and the core TB knowledge awareness rate was 76.0%.Annual family income above 120000 yuan,and limited effect and uncertain attitude towards preventive treatment,would reduce preventive treatment intention.People who were better informed about TB,told by health workers that they were at high risk,told that preventive treatment reduced the risk of TB,and believed that preventive treatment prevented TB,were more likely to seek treatment.Conclusions Through the investigation of the preventive treatment intention of close family contacts,it is found that good understanding of the disease and treatment recommendation from medical staff can effectively prevent the occurrence of tuberculosis and provide reference for the follow-up preventive treatment.