2021年上海市浦东新区托育机构卫生保健管理工作现状调查

The present situation research of health care management in nurseries in Pudong New Area of Shanghai in 2021

目的 了解上海市浦东新区托育机构卫生保健管理工作现状,为提高集体儿童保健工作质量以及政策决策制定提供依据。方法 采取整群抽样方法,2021年对上海市浦东新区99家托育机构基础信息进行梳理并评价其卫生保健情况,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 上海市浦东新区托育机构主要分布在城郊结合区域以及城区,分别为35家(35.35%)和37家(37.37%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.479,P=0.037);全部99家机构基本管理制度达标率为100%。人员组成以女性为主(96.97%),性别分布地域间差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.050,P=0.789);平均年龄为37.67岁,不同地域分区在保健人员年龄方面差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=13.431,P=0.037);而在学历方面,偏远农村地区高等专科(高等职业)的比例48.39%,高于其他区域,不同地域差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=21.084,P=0.049);幼儿与保育人员配比达标数为88所,达标率为88.89%。卫生评价方面,环境卫生维度机构扣分率高达79.8%,保健室或卫生室设置维度扣分率为57.6%,不同维度得分在不同地域之间差异无统计学意义。结论 上海市浦东新区托育机构卫生保健状况总体较好,但仍存在部分不足,需从政策层面提升机构和人员准入标准,增强托育服务质量、保障幼儿安全健康。

Objective To understand the current situation of health care management in childcare institutions in Pudong New Area of Shanghai,and to improve the quality of collective child health care and provide a basis for making policy decision.Methods The cluster sampling method was adopted to comb through the basic information and evaluate the health careof 99childcare institutions in Pudong New Area of Shanghai in 2021,and P<0.05 wasconsidered statistically significant.Results Childcare institutions in Pudong New Area of Shanghai iwere mainly distributed in the combined suburban area and urban area,with 35(35.35%)and 37(37.37%)institutions,respectively,the differencess was statistically significantt(χ^(2)=8.479,P=0.037).All 99 institutions met 100%of the basic managementt system standards.The staff composition was predominantly female,accounting for 96.97%,with no statistically significant difference in gender distribution betweengeographic areas(χ^(2)=1.050,P=0.789).The average age was37.67 years old,with statistically significant differences in the age of health carepersonnel indifferent geographic subdivisions(χ^(2)=13.431,P=0.037),while in terms of education,the percentageof higher specialist(higher vocational)in remote rural areas,the proportion was 48.39%,which was higher than that of other regions,and the difference between different geographical areas was statistically significant(χ^(2)=21.084,P=0.049).The number of institutions that met the standard for the ratio of children to caregivers was 88,and the rate of meeting the standard was 88.89%.In terms of health evaluation,the score deduction rate of institutions in the environmental health dimension was up to 79.8%,and the deduction rate in the health room or health room setting dimension was 57.6%,there was no statistically significant differencesin the scores of different dimensions between different geographic regions.Conclusions The health care situation in Shanghai Pudong New Area is relatively good,but there are still some shortcomings.There is a need to improve the admission standards of institutions and personnel at the policy level to enhance the quality of childcare services and ensure the safety and health of children.