中药对微小RNA调控溃疡性结肠炎相关信号通路的干预作用研究进展

Research progress on the intervention effects of Chinese medicine on microRNA regulating the signaling pathway of ulcerative colitis

溃疡性结肠炎(UC)是以结肠上皮屏障的受损及免疫稳态的破坏为特征的慢性非特异性炎症疾病,病程冗长、迁延不愈、复发率高,是公认的难治性消化性疾病。微小RNA(miRNA)已被证实在UC患者和UC动物模型中均存在特异性或差异性表达,可作为UC诊断的标志物或治疗的参考。因中药治疗UC疗效确切、作用广泛、副作用小,故本文以miRNA为切入点,系统阐述中药通过调控miRNA的表达进而调节UC相关信号通路的作用机制。结果发现,绿原酸、安肠汤、扶阳活血解毒方可通过调控miR-155、miR-146a、miR-31-5p等的表达,进而抑制信号转导及转录激活蛋白(STAT)信号通路转导来改善UC;柠檬苦素、人参皂苷Rh2、青蒿琥酯等可通过调控miR-214、miR-155、miR-19a等的表达,进而抑制核因子κB(NF-κB)信号通路转导来改善UC;氯化两面针碱、小檗碱、白藜芦醇等可通过调控miR-31、miR-146a、miR-146b等的表达,进而抑制Toll样受体4(TLR4)信号通路转导来改善UC;芒果多酚、复方芩柏颗粒、黄芪多糖可通过调控miR-126、miR-193a-3p的表达,进而抑制磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶B/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(PI3K/AKT/mTOR)信号通路转导来改善UC。

Ulcerative colitis(UC) is a chronic non-specific inflammatory disease characterized by the damage of the epithelial barrier of the colon and the destruction of immune homeostasis.It has a long course,no recovery and high recurrence rate,and is recognized as a difficult digestive disease.MicroRNA(miRNA) has been confirmed to be specifically or differentially expressed in both UC patients and UC animal models,so miRNA can be used as markers for UC diagnosis or reference for treatment evaluation.TCM therapy has a definite therapeutic effect,a wide range of effects,and minimal side effects in the treatment of UC,so this article takes miRNA as the starting point and systematically elaborates on the mechanism of TCM regulating UC related signaling pathways by regulating the expression of miRNA.The results show that chlorogenic acid,Anchang decoction,and Fuyang huoxue jiedu formula can regulate the expressions of miR-155,miR-146a and miR-31-5p,etc.,thereby inhibiting signal transducer and activator of transcription(STAT) signal pathway transduction to improve UC.Limonin,ginsenoside Rh2,artesunate,etc.can inhibit nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB) signaling pathway conduction to improve UC by regulating the expressions of miR-214,miR-155 and miR-19a,etc.Nitidine chloride,berberine,resveratrol,etc.can regulate the expressions of miR-31,miR-146a,miR-146b,etc.,thereby inhibiting the Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4) signaling pathway to improve UC.Mango polyphenolics,Compound qinbai granules,and Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharides can regulate the expressions of miR-126 and miR-193a-3p,thereby inhibiting the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin(PI3K/AKT/mTOR) signaling pathway to improve UC.